Abstract
ABSTRACT Materials that float on water, attract and absorb oil and can easily be removed from the water constitute one of the most effective means for completely separating spilled oil from the water environment. Three classes of materials can be used for this purpose inorganic products, natural organic products and synthetic organic products. Several examples of each of these classes are evaluated for their potential use as sorbents. Laboratory procedures are utilized to determine oil and water sorption capacity, oil retention capacity, buoyancy with and without absorbed oil, effect of petroleum product variation, and sorbent/oil coherence. Of twenty sorbent materials evaluated, the polymeric foams exhibited the highest sorption capacities for oils. These foams also absorb water. While this reduces their capacity for oil, some of the foams still retain a high sorption capacity. On the average, much lower oil sorption capacities were exhibited by the inorganic and the natural organic materials.
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