Abstract
The effect of a number of variables on the coagulation of dilute clay suspensions with aluminum and iron coagulants was investigated. The variables included the nature and concentration of clay, pH, and the presence of various ions. Coagulation was optimal in a pH range specific for each coagulant but largely independent of the nature of the disperse phase. A study of the rate of precipitation of aluminum hydroxide under various conditions suggested that the clay was removed by enmeshment in the coagulating hydrolysis products, rather than by mutual coagulation. This was confirmed by electrophoretic studies. Anions were found to lower the optimum pH for coagulation probably by the formation of compounds which precipitate at a lower pH than aluminum hydroxide.
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