Abstract
The development and physicochemical characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with potential for formulating hair cosmetic products were carried out. SLNs were made from Otoba wax, which is native to the tropical Andean region and has a high chemical composition of fatty acids with intermediate chains. SLNs were formulated by preparing wax-in-water dispersions at two internal phase proportions (low = 5% w/w and high = 20% w/w), using the same ratio of surfactant system and preservatives. The coarse dispersions were subjected to ultrahigh pressure homogenization (UHPH), and thermal stability assays for 4 weeks were carried out, where changes in Creaming Index, droplet size, polydispersity, viscosity, zeta potential, conductivity, and pH were evaluated. The results showed that Otoba wax has a required HLB value around 9 and is mainly composed of lauric (~35%) and myristic (~45%), which have been reported to improve the condition of hair loss. Regarding the development on SLNs, it was found that the internal phase concentration did not considerably affect the physicochemical and microbiological properties. Likewise, it was found that UHPH enabled the production of SLNs with particle sizes <200 nm, low polydispersity (<0.3), high zeta potential values, and suitable physical and microbiological stability. Therefore, Otoba wax has potential for the development of SLNs applicable to cosmetic formulations, especially for hair products.
Highlights
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are spherical systems with sizes ranging between 50 and 1000 nm and consist of a solid core made of purified triglyceride blends or waxes that solidify at temperatures between 25 ◦ C and 37 ◦ C [1]
The results indicated that Otoba wax consists of a high percentage of saturated fatty acids (89.07%), with lauric (34.67%) and myristic (44.94%) acids as the major components
Otoba wax could be used as a potential raw material for hair cosmetic products
Summary
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are spherical systems with sizes ranging between 50 and 1000 nm and consist of a solid core made of purified triglyceride blends or waxes that solidify at temperatures between 25 ◦ C and 37 ◦ C [1]. SLNs in aqueous medium usually exhibit a similar behavior to that shown by conventional emulsions; their formulations employ surfactants for stabilization [2]. SLNs are mostly developed through processes that combine many methodologies. The first method involves the heating of the waxes to temperatures above their respective melting point, followed by the development of emulsions by conventional procedures [3]. Once the emulsions have been made, they are subjected to some high energy technique (top-down type), such as conventional dispersion by homomixer, colloid mills, ultrasound, or high and ultrahigh pressure homogenization (UHPH) [4,5,6].
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