Abstract
New concept of passive cooling of buildings is presented in this article.. In order to achieve that, it is planned to define three basic elements of the building concept – shape of building, sun movement and sustainability of the building. These parameters will serve as corner stone’s also further in development of building concept. In addition not only passive cooling elements are considered during concept elaboration process but also passive building basic principles which include building location, window placement on facades, room alignment, building constructions and high comfort level. Dynamic simulation software was used in order to perform calculations, and to make conclusions on most optimal window/wall proportions and passive cooling potential. Paper presents study on multi apartment buildings renovation specifics in Latvia and its influence on total energy consumption. The necessary reconstruction goals are defined to reach European Regional Development Fund project “A New Concept for Sustainable and Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings” Nr. 1.1.1.1/16/A/007 main targets.
Highlights
Nowadays passive house concept is implemented in all energy efficient buildings
In is assumed that optimal IAQparameters include the following: temperature between +20 and +24 and RH between 40% and 60%, as well as CO2 level below 1000 ppm[2].The U-value is taken 0.8 for windows and 0.1 for walls and roofs by the passive house concept, The exact U-values of the building envelopes will vary in each case depending on several factors like parameters of outside air during heating season, size and type of building, architecture and availability of energy resources
When solar radiation interacts with some surface, it divides into three parts: [7]
Summary
Nowadays passive house concept is implemented in all energy efficient buildings. Passive House Institute designed standard for energy-efficient passive buildings. In is assumed that optimal IAQparameters include the following: temperature between +20 and +24 and RH between 40% and 60%, as well as CO2 level below 1000 ppm[2].The U-value is taken 0.8 for windows and 0.1 for walls and roofs by the passive house concept, The exact U-values of the building envelopes will vary in each case depending on several factors like parameters of outside air during heating season, size and type of building, architecture and availability of energy resources. From the technical point of view, windows simultaneously should ensure following functions: To minimize building heat losses in winter time; To reduce external heat gains in summer time; To insure possibilities for passive heating; To provide natural daylight; In some case (natural ventilation and/or night cooling) to provide air exchange. The data on how the efficiency changes depending on the inclination angle and orientation is shown in Tables 1 and 2 [6]
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