Abstract
Abstract. We studied the impacts of re-vegetation on soil moisture dynamics and evapotranspiration (ET) of five land cover types in the Loess Plateau in northern China. Soil moisture and temperature variations under grass (Andropogon), subshrub (Artemisia scoparia), shrub (Spiraea pubescens), plantation forest (Robinia pseudoacacia), and crop (Zea mays) vegetation were continuously monitored during the growing season of 2011. There were more than 10 soil moisture pulses during the period of data collection. Surface soil moisture of all of the land cover types showed an increasing trend in the rainy season. Soil moisture under the corn crop was consistently higher than the other surfaces. Grass and subshrubs showed an intermediate moisture level. Grass had slightly higher readings than those of subshrub most of the time. Shrubs and plantation forests were characterized by lower soil moisture readings, with the shrub levels consistently being slightly higher than those of the forests. Despite the greater post-rainfall loss of moisture under subshrub and grass vegetation than forests and shrubs, subshrub and grass sites exhibit a higher soil moisture content due to their greater soil retention capacity in the dry period. The daily ET trends of the forests and shrub sites were similar and were more stable than those of the other types. Soils under subshrubs acquired and retained soil moisture resources more efficiently than the other cover types, with a competitive advantage in the long term, representing an adaptive vegetation type in the study watershed. The interactions between vegetation and soil moisture dynamics contribute to structure and function of the ecosystems studied.
Highlights
In arid and semi-arid regions, water represents the main ecological constraint for plant survival, and hydrological processes determine the direction of evolution and ecological functioning of soil-vegetation systems (Li, 2011)
Obtaining accurate estimates of root water uptake and vegetation water use represents the weakest link in producing soilvegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT) models (Schymanski al., 2008a)
Over the entire duration of the study, from June to September, there was no obvious variability in the sensor readings obtained at the 80 and 100 cm depths, and the average of the other four sensor readings under each land cover type was used
Summary
In arid and semi-arid regions, water represents the main ecological constraint for plant survival, and hydrological processes determine the direction of evolution and ecological functioning of soil-vegetation systems (Li, 2011). Soil moisture dynamics are the central component of the hydrological cycle (Legates et al, 2011) and are mainly determined by processes including infiltration, percolation, evaporation and root water uptake. Schymanski et al (2007, 2008a, b, c) successfully reproduced the surface soil moisture dynamics using an optimality-based model and further tested it in catchments with natural vegetation in Europe. These model results show that the natural vegetation has adapted its water use strategies to local conditions
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