Abstract
The article is a summary of the British Geotechnical Society's informal discussion at the Institution of Civil Engineers on September 30, 198. The discussion, based on a paper published in Ground Engineering, July 1981, provided additional information on the application of the research in tunnel technology carried out at Cambridge University on the design and construction of shallow tunnels in soft clay. An example is given how plasticity models can be used to predict safe and unsafe bounds to tunnel pressure at collapse and ground movements when the tunnel pressure at the heading is reduced below the in-situ stress. Tunnel pressure at collapse in clay was found to be influenced by both the cover to diameter ratio, and the ratio fo the length of the unlined heading to the diameter. Other speakers commented on the use of the centrifuge in modelling and the importance of the rate of movement of ground into the tunnel. It was thought necessary to establish the load factor at which the development of plastic strains accelerated and the effect of a shield on the prediction was discussed. (TRRL)
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