Abstract
In the Rif region in northern Morocco, the degradation of the environment exposes the soil to aggressive erosion agents, especially in the Mediterranean climate in which the evacuation of 2000 tons of soil per km2 per year is a basic average. In these difficult environments is necessary to manage the resource effectively by anticipation the situations of dry and wet years. Several development programs have been carried out in the Rif zone since 1960s and the problem persists, especially with the arrival of the new agriculture of Cannabis (Drug) in 1995 in the southern part of the study area which is characterized by its precarious environmental balance. This paper aims to examine the aspects of soil degradation and analyse the failure factors of the management programs and projects have been conducted by several national and international stakeholders including EU and UN.
Highlights
The different aspects of soil degradation in the Rif region resulting from inappropriate agricultural practices and from an intensification of uncontrolled Cannabis agricultural
It seems that economic underdevelopment and environmental degradation are linked; it is difficult to envisage effective resource protection in the absence of innovative policy, based on the desire to boost the economy of the Rif Mountains and the development of new and sustainable resources
The study area located in Northern Morocco, bounded to the North by the Mediterranean Sea, to the south by the Prerif zone, in the Western part is limited by the Western Rif and to the east by the Eastern Rif (Figure 1)
Summary
The different aspects of soil degradation in the Rif region resulting from inappropriate agricultural practices and from an intensification of uncontrolled Cannabis agricultural. Intervention strategies have focused on land degradation and have often failed to address the fundamental problems of the marginalized Rif region, such as the problem of the enslavement of entire massifs or the devaluation of the agricultural economy It seems that economic underdevelopment and environmental degradation are linked; it is difficult to envisage effective resource protection in the absence of innovative policy, based on the desire to boost the economy of the Rif Mountains and the development of new and sustainable resources. For this purpose, conceding local opinion is necessary; it is about creating a space for dialogue and consultation with target groups and not imposing a technocratic vision. We find the other connection of the dimension of natural resources and that of development, only effective progress and term of economic, human and social development, in an integrated way on several fronts, can guarantee success in the protection of heritage soils and the balance of territories
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