Abstract
Herein, we report the soft X-ray absorption spectroscopic investigation for Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 cathode material during charging and discharging. These measurements were carried out at the Mn L-, Co L-, and Ni L-edges during various stages of charging and discharging. Both the Mn and Co L-edge spectroscopic measurements reflect the invariance in the oxidation states of Mn and Co ions. The Ni L-edge measurements show the modification of the oxidation state of Ni ions during the charging and discharging process. These studies show that eg states are affected dominantly in the case of Ni ions during the charging and discharging process. The O K-edge measurements reflect modulation of metal–oxygen hybridization as envisaged from the area-ratio variation of spectral features corresponding to t2g and eg states.
Highlights
Rechargeable lithium batteries with layered oxide cathode materials have rapidly risen to prominence as fundamental devices for green and sustainable energy [1,2,3]
Spectral features A2 centered at 779.1 ± 0.4 and 793.3 ± 0.4 eV remain at almost the same position during charging and discharging (Figure S5). This demonstrates that during the charging and discharging process, the oxidation state of Co ions does not alter in NCM811 cathode materials
The changes are associated with the modification of the oxidation state of Ni ions in the cathode material during charging and discharging [37]
Summary
Rechargeable lithium batteries with layered oxide cathode materials have rapidly risen to prominence as fundamental devices for green and sustainable energy [1,2,3]. This demonstrates that during the charging and discharging process, the oxidation state of Co ions does not alter in NCM811 cathode materials.
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