Abstract
Preventing bacterial attachment to surfaces is the most efficient approach to controlling biofilm proliferation. The aim of this study was to compare anti-adhesion potentials of 5 and 50 mmol/L polyelectrolyte multilayers of poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate), poly(4-vinyl-N-ethylpyridinium bromide)/ poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate), and poly(4-vinyl-N-isobutylpyridinium bromide)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate) against Escherichia coli. Glass surface was covered with five polyelectrolyte layers and exposed to bacterial suspensions. Poly(4-vinyl-N-ethylpyridinium bromide)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate) was the most effective against bacterial adhesion, having reduced it by 60 %, followed by poly(4-vinyl-N-isobutylpyridinium bromide)/poly(sodium 4– styrenesulfonate) (47 %), and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate) (38 %). Polyelectrolyte multilayers with quaternary amine groups have a significant anti-adhesion potential and could find their place in coatings for food, pharmaceutical, and medical industry.
Highlights
Preventing bacterial attachment to surfaces is the most efficient approach to controlling biofilm proliferation
Surfaces coated with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate) (PSS) polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) showed significantly lower bacterial counts than uncoated control glass surfaces (p
The best anti-adherent effect was achieved with PVP-ethyl Br/PSS at 50 mmol/L, which reduced bacterial adhesion up to 60 %, followed by PVP-isobutyl Br/PSS (38.4 %), and PAH/PSS (38.1 %) (Table 1)
Summary
Preventing bacterial attachment to surfaces is the most efficient approach to controlling biofilm proliferation. The aim of this study was to compare anti-adhesion potentials of 5 and 50 mmol/L polyelectrolyte multilayers of poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate), poly(4-vinyl-N-ethylpyridinium bromide)/ poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate), and poly(4-vinyl-N-isobutylpyridinium bromide)/poly(sodium 4–styrenesulfonate) against Escherichia coli. Bacterial attachment to surfaces and proliferation under favourable conditions can lead to biofilm growth, lower product quality, a failed industrial process, and eventually adverse health issues [1]. This bacterial surface attachment depends on several factors, including bacterial cell properties (surface charge, flagella, and extracellular polymeric substances), surface properties (roughness, surface charge, and chemical composition), and environmental conditions (nutrient, temperature, pH, and the presence of antimicrobial substances) [2]. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-adhesion potential of newly synthesised poly(4-vinyl-Nethylpyridinium bromide) (PVP-ethyl Br) and poly(4-vinylN-isobutylpyridinium bromide) (PVP-isobutyl Br) with a well-established poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) of earlier generation to identify the most efficient against bacterial adhesion
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