Abstract
The vertical profiles of the structural characteristics of temperature and wind velocity fields and longitudinal and transverse structure functions of the wind velocity field measured with the Zvuk-2 three-channel Doppler sodar are presented for altitudes of 75–535 m above the ground with a 20-m altitude resolution. The sodar operated at a frequency of 1700 Hz, its pulse repetition period was 10.5 s, and its pulse length was 150 ms. One transceiving antenna was pointed vertically and two others were tilted at angles of 20 degrees from the vertical in orthogonal planes. Backscattered signal power was additionally measured. Sodar data were interpreted using the iterative algorithm considering the excess turbulent attenuation of a sodar signal. Sodar-derived structural characteristics were compared with simultaneous measurements by an ultrasonic anemometer/thermometer. The structure functions of the wind velocity field were calculated from long series of observations of vertical profiles of the wind velocity vector. At night when the wind shear was observed the longitudinal structure functions below it were strongly suppressed, whereas above the wind shear they sharply increased. Under conditions of daytime convection the structure functions first increased with the separation between the observation points and then saturated.
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