Abstract
This article contributes to the debate on the social and economic impacts generated by tourism activities using a methodology that is still insufficiently explored in the field of tourism and the impacts that this causes: social return on investment (SROI). Using the analysis of a case as a guiding thread, this article shows how the application of this methodology allows one to know in depth the social value that an emblematic palace (one of the main tourist attractions of a city in the south of Spain that was designated as a United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] World Heritage Site) brings, the changes experienced by the interest groups that interact with it, and the theory of change that promotes the very existence of the palace. Its results and conclusions can also inform policies and strategies of these other actors related to the intervention.
Highlights
The study of the positive and negative effects of tourism on local populations and destination areas is not a new field of study in tourism literature
We introduce the contributions to the field of tourism of a yet insufficiently explored methodology: social return on investment (SROI)
The section “Results: Application of SROI to Assess the Social Value Generated by the Palace” introduces the results obtained from application of the SROI methodology to the case study, and section “Discussion: Contributions of SROI to the Debate on the Impacts of Tourism” discusses such results and the implications derived from the application of SROI methodology to the literature on the social impacts of tourism
Summary
The study of the positive and negative effects of tourism on local populations and destination areas is not a new field of study in tourism literature (antecedents can be traced to Ap, 1992, or Mathieson & Wall, 1982). In the past few decades, the tourism boom experienced in some cities and regions of the world has renewed the attention on the topic, mainly focusing on the attitudes and perceptions of residents toward the impacts of tourism. Today, this field of study gathers an eclectic range of authors who apply a wide variety of methodologies and approaches to determine both the positive and negative impacts of tourist activities. In the arena of quantitative models, studies on the impacts of tourism are currently transiting from the most conventional econometric models (Narayan, 2004; Nisthar & Vijayakumar, 2016; Seetanah, 2011) to structural equation analysis. Methodologies based on quality of life analysis (Andereck & Jurowski, 2006; Andereck & Nyaupane, 2011; H. Kim et al, 2015; K. Kim et al, 2013; Uysal et al, 2016), resident perceptions (Almeida-García et al, 2016; Andereck et al, 2005; N. Chen et al, 2018; Ouyang et al, 2017; Perdue et al, 1990; Stylidis et al, 2014; Wu & Chen, 2015; Xu et al, 2016), and stakeholder analysis (Banki & Ismail, 2014; Lundberg, 2017; Nunkoo & So, 2016) are gaining momentum and gathering the largest body of recent literature
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