Abstract
Abstract This chapter covers the evolution of the EU social agenda in the wake of the Great Recession in three periods: ‘conservative reflex’ (2009–2012), ‘paradigm contestation and social crisis acknowledgement’ (2013–2014), and ‘Social Europe resurgence’ (2015–2019). From 2010, low growth, high unemployment, and falling investments, together with deepening poverty and social exclusion—especially in countries adversely affected by the eurozone crisis—triggered a search process as to how the EU can reliably support inclusive welfare provision across member states. The weakening of the ‘expansionary austerity’ paradigm gave new impetus to social Europe, from the launch of the Social Investment Package (SIP) in 2013 up to the endorsement of the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR) in 2017. The commitment of the commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, to an ambitious social agenda, against the background of the Covid-19 pandemic, seems to have codified the resurgence of Social Europe.
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