Social disorder: a view from the Washington School of the Ethnography of Communication

City streetscapes and neighborhood characteristics of fatal opioid overdoses among people experiencing homelessness who use drugs in New York City, 2017-2019.

It is not easy to scan the broad spectrum of popular and learned responses to social conditions in Reformation Germany in the middle of the sixteenth century. Yet, if the pamphlet literature from this period can serve as a guide, one theme often stood out above all others: the fear of social, political, and religious disorder, the perception that the underpinnings of the whole social order were dangerously unstable, uncertain, continually in flux. That many pamphleteers still held up for their readers the social values of a society of orders – hierarchy, social harmony, religious unity, corporate solidarity, the common good, deference, obedience – could only have intensified the feeling for many that society had become unstable. For those ideals bore even less resemblance to social reality in 1550 than they had fifty years before. Out in the countryside, in a rural society like Hohenlohe, specific events and social conditions – the Peasants' War, the fear of rural unrest, the continued decay of the church, the uncertain power of the counts in the empire, the spread of poverty and population growth, the erosion of communal solidarity – lay behind the views voiced by contemporary observers of society. Protestant reformers called to Ohringen in the 1540s and 1550s, for example, were all deeply distressed by the social disorder and decay they saw around them.

This chapter demonstrates that Norwegian society in this period was not particularly unstable. The author's hypothesis is that conflicts in this society should not primarily be viewed as disruptive, but rather as integrative, partly because they very seldom developed into large-scale war, and more fundamentally because a function of conflict in this type of decentralized society is to regulate power relations. It deals with possible causes for the changes that took place after c.1160 in Norway. The chapter argues that the traditional explanations for these changes operate from a teleological premise that state formation was unavoidable due to alleged instability of society around 1160, and that this is manifested in a belief that the change must be attributed to internal, long-term, structural causes. It first analyses the conflict and leadership in the kings' saga Morkinskinna , which tells about events in the period c.1030-1160. It then discusses the changes after 1160. Keywords: conflict; kings' saga Morkinskinna ; Norwegian society; power relations; social disorder; structural causes

The chapter on neurodevel­opmental disorders comes first in DSM-5’s diagnostic section, reflecting a lifespan approach to the manual’s organization. See end of article for supplemental information.

Background: Bullying is a widespread pheno­menon among young people and is used to describe interpersonal relationships charac­te­rized by an imbalance of power. The Indone­sian Child Protection Commission noted that there were 161 cases of bullying in 2018. Ado­lescents who are involved in bullying expe­ri­ence risks such as psychiatric symptoms, alco­hol and drug abuse and even suicide. This study aims to analyze the effects of bullying on self-concept and social disorders in high school students in Sleman Yogyakarta. Subjects and Method: This study used a cross sectional study design. This study was conducted in Sleman Regency in August 2019. The sample was taken by using stratified ran­dom sampling with a total of 200 senior high school students. The independent variables include parental education, social environment, anxiety level, self-concept, and social interac­tion disorders. The dependent variable was bullying behavior. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using multilevel multiple logistic regression with stata 13. Results: Low family education (b= 3.11; 95% CI= 0.83 to 3.67; p= 0.002), social environ­ment in the city (b=3.15; 95% CI= 0.71 to 3.09; p= 0.002), have social media (b=4.13; 95% CI= 1.46 to 3.83; p= 0.000), have a level of anxiety (b= 2.92; 95% CI= 0.62 to 3.17; p= 0.005), negative self-concept (b=2.83; 95% CI= 0.62 to 3.40; p= 0.005), social interaction disorder (b= 3.23; 95% CI= 0.87 to 3.55; p= 0.001) increased the likelihood of experiencing bullying in adolescents. Variations at the school level indicated that there was a contextual influence on bullying behavior (ICC= 13.18%). Conclusion: There is a statistically significant influence of parental education, social environ­ment, social media, anxiety levels, self-concept, and social interaction disorders on bullying behavior in adolescents. Variations at the level of school show that there is a contextual influ­ence on bullying behavior in adolescents. Keywords: bullying, adolescents, multi­level analysis Correspondence: Hainas Sani Privetera. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: sariprivitera@gmail.com. Mobile: +628­2328848001. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2020), 05(04): 306-316 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2020.05.04.08.

Autism in DSM-5

Answers to Your DSM-5 Questions

The influence of perceived neighborhood disorder on smoking cessation among urban safety net hospital patients

Social interaction disorder is a condition where a person does not have a good interaction with others, society, and the environment. This will affect the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects of the patient. Feelings that arise afterward will negatively impact and endanger the patient. The purpose of this literature is to clarify the concept of social interaction. Analysis of the concept of social interaction using the Walker and Avants method. This method uses an eight-step approach to conceptual analysis of social interaction. The concepts identified are 1) concept selection; 2) determine the purpose or objective of the analysis; 3) identify all concepts used; 4) define the attributes that define the concept; 5) create a case model; 6) forming a boundary line; 7) identify antecedents and consequences; and 8) define empirical references. The concept analysis of social interaction consist antecedent, attributes, and consequences. The antecedents of social interaction disorder is caused by low self-esteem, excessive anxiety, assuming that interact with others is not important, feeling useless, being alone and unpleasant experiences. The attributes of social interaction. Social isolation can be structurally described as disrupted social interaction, lack of contact and loss of relations with other people, family, friends or even the environment. For positive social interactions, we found that people who experience social interaction disorders prefer to have a relationship with someone who is considered worthy of interaction. Social isolation can cause disruption of social interaction. The negative effects caused are loneliness, depression, hallucinations and suicide.

Excessive use of social media may lead to vulnerability to social media disorder, which is significantly related to the trend of mental health problems among college students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of social media disorder among college students and to determine the relationship between the number of social media accounts, the total duration of social media use, and social media disorder. This cross-sectional study collected data through an online survey of 201 college students from the class of 2021 at the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. This study used the Social Media Disorder scale and univariate and bivariate analysis to analyze the data. The prevalence of social media disorder was 23.9%; 93% of students were classified as high-duration social media users, and 58.2% had more than 10 accounts. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between the number of accounts (p-value = 0.045) and social media disorder. However, there was no significant relationship between the duration of social media use and social media disorder (p-value = 0.560). As a suggestion, the self-regulation factor must be considered an independent variable in predicting social media disorder among college students.

Studies on post-World War II housing estates have largely focused on problematic neighbourhoods, and there is a scarcity of literature on housing estates across their entire social scale. Moreover, there is insufficient evidence on the extent to which tenure structure differentiates estates from each other in terms of social disorder. Using a large cluster sample of Finnish estates representing a wide variety of estate neighbourhoods, we examined the implications of tenure structure in terms of social disadvantage and perceived social disorder. We also studied how social interaction and normative regulation mediate the impact of structural estate characteristics. We found that rental domination is associated with social disadvantage, which exposes residents to social disorder, in line with social disorganisation theory. Differences in normative regulation partly explain this association. In contrast, social interaction in the neighbourhood is not associated with the level of perceived social disorder. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.

Social system theory assumes, as the author have stated in his first essay and in the introductory remarks preceding the section on the relations between social structure and cultural structure, that some social disorder is inherent in principle, and is widely present in actuality, in all social systems. Sociology has always had a large interest, both theoretically and empirically, in what it has called "social control," a subject which has included the problem of how social order comes about and how social disorder and deviance are limited or channeled in constructive ways. The theory and practice of social control are confronted by at least one essential dilemma: how to reconcile the autonomy necessary for individuals-in-general and those in certain roles particularly, such as the professions and executives, with the necessity for some social limitation and controls on that autonomy. Some of the social structural, cultural structural, and personality structural sources of professional deviance are described.

Exposure to virtual social interactions in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial

How shyness became social phobia

To explore the current situation of gaze anxiety and its relation with social media disorder and perceived discrimination in medical students, this study aimed to provide insights for the reform of medical communication education. A cross-sectional design was adopted, 811 medical students were selected, and they were investigated with the Chinese version of gaze anxiety rating scale, the Chinese short version of social media disorder scale and perceived discrimination questionnaire in May 2022. The results revealed that medical students’ gaze anxiety was the highest in the daily dimension, and there was a statistically significant difference among different grades (F = 13.063, p < 0.001); gaze anxiety was positively correlated with social media disorder (r = 0.504, p < 0.01) and perceived discrimination (r = 0.505, p < 0.01); social media disorder has a direct positive effect on medical students’ gaze anxiety and may also indirectly influence it through perceived discrimination. The conclusion was that perceived discrimination can play a partial mediating role between gaze anxiety and social media disorder among medical students.