Abstract
This chapter begins with a definition of chronic diseases/long-term conditions (LTCs) followed by an overview of incidence and prevalence of LTCs in the UK and further afield. The remainder of the chapter introduces policy drivers from across the globe. Whilst countries across the world have developed their own theoretical frameworks and service delivery models, many of these originate from the Chronic Care Model (Wagner 1998), a summary of these is provided prior to focusing on World Health Organisation (WHO) and UK national policies. The current UK policy drivers leading the way forward are discussed, including National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines and the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) in the General Medical Services (GMS) contract. The term LTC is generally used throughout this book except where an alternative term has been used by an author or organisation, for example, the global term non-communicable disease (NCD) used by the World Health Organisation and the terms chronic condition or chronic disease more commonly used in the European Union and the USA.
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