SMS-facilitated home blood pressure monitoring: A qualitative analysis of resultant health behavior change

Abstract

ObjectiveHypertension is largely asymptomatic and, as a result, patients often fail to sufficiently engage in medication adherence and other health behaviors to control their blood pressure (BP). This study explores the mechanisms by which MyBP, an automated SMS-facilitated home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) program, helps facilitate healthy behavior changes. MethodsA thematic analysis of transcribed audio-recordings from semi-structured post-intervention interviews (n = 40) was conducted. ResultsThree primary themes were identified as contributing most to patients’ decision to initiate a behavior change: 1) increased hypertension literacy attributed to educational videos presented at enrollment, 2) increased day-to-day salience of blood pressure levels as a result of consistent HBPM, and 3) use of BP readings as feedback, with high readings triggering motivations to make behavior changes. These themes and most accompanying sub-themes correspond to constructs in the Health Belief Model and Social Cognitive Theory. ConclusionPatient-centered HBPM interventions such asMyBP appear to promote improvements in hypertension self-management via several mechanisms consistent with recognized models of behavior change. Practice implicationsSMS-supported HBPM, paired with video-based education, may provide a simple and scalable way of encouraging health behavior adherence in hypertensive patients.