Abstract
IN THE SOUTH CAROLINA UPCOUNTRY DISTRICT OF ABBEVILLE IN 1850 a one-month-old slave girl named Harriet reported to the census marshal Charles M. Pelot as having died in December 1849 because she Smothered by carelessness of [her] mother. Similar reports are scattered throughout the mortality schedules of the United States census for the southern states. Allice Burrow, a six-month-old slave girl in Henrico County, Virginia, was Smouthered by her Mother Lying on her while asleep; in Tippah County, Mississippi, the two-month-old slave girl Biddy Accidentally overlaid by [her] mother in her Sleep; in Cobb County, Georgia, an eight-month-old slave boy Overlaid by [his] Mother; in Spartanburg District, South Carolina, a five-monthold slave girl said to have been Overlaid by [her] mother and smothered. 1 The grim record goes on and on. In 1860 the slave states accounted for 94 percent of the nation's 2,129 reported deaths by suffocation. Most of these victims were probably the children of slaves, the published mortality census
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