Smartphone-assisted paper-based multifunctional assay for on-site tandem detection of inorganic phosphate, neutral red and heparin

Abstract

Today, easy availability and efficient detection assays in low-resource settings are mandatory. Therefore, a smartphone-assisted paper-based detection strategy using eosin Y (EY)-embed ZIF-8 nanocomposite for phosphate (Pi), neutral red (NR) and heparin (HP) on site testing was fabricated. After adding the targets in a specific order, the prepared strips produced brilliant color transitions (astonishing colors, ranging from pistachio to bright yellow for Pi, from bright yellow to jacinth for NR and from jacinth to light orange for HP). These variation on tonality can be evaluated by the smartphone-based readout device (Color Assist App) through the ratio change of B/(R + G + B), which exhibits superior performance of on-site detection in wastewater, including high sensitivity (LOD is 0.015, 0.031 and 0.014 mM for Pi, NR and HP, respectively), ultra-fast response time and excellent selectivity. This strips and smartphone dual-mode monitoring strategy may offer a convenient idea to identify Pi, NR and HP, with great prospects for environmental wastewater applications. Additionally, the probe was enabled for bioimaging of Pi, NR and HP in living cells. Finally, the related anti-counterfeiting fluorescent ink of probe was proposed on schedule.