Abstract
Abstract. Water uses need to be measured, which is critical for evaluating water stress. The Industry 4.0 via the Internet of Things (IoT) and usage of water measurement sensor can provide real-time information on the water flow rate and water pressure, that is crucial for water monitoring and analysis. There is a need for online smart water monitoring that gives out more efficient and sustainable water uses at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) campus. A prototype of an online smart water monitoring for UTM, which was developed based on the integration of IoT and Geographical Information System (GIS), consist of four layers; (1) physical layer; (2) network layer; (3) processing layer and, (4) application layer. The findings show that when the water flow increases, the water pressure decreases. When there is no water flow, the lowest value is 52.214 Psi, and the highest value is 60.916 Psi. The latest technology integrating the IoT-GIS for smart water monitoring has shown a very efficient way of providing real-time water parameters information, cost and time effective, and allowing for continuous water consumption analysis via the cloud computing service.
Highlights
Water is one of the world's most important resources
Trends show that utilities are increasingly taking advantage of Geographic Information System (GIS) to map and analyse geospatial data, including water, wastewater, and storm drain
Integration of GIS with Internet of Things (IoT) joins everything from sensors, geodatabase, analysis and applications, which are useful for water utilities and identifying problems like water leaks and pressure drops (Tate, 2021)
Summary
Water is one of the world's most important resources. It has a major impact on human life and the sustainable development of society. Contemporary Industry 4.0 innovations have been deemed ideal for the water sector, and innovative technologies are changing the water sector (Micheal Omotayo and Telukdarie, 2019) These new digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), make it easier to collect and analyse data from smart water sensors and distribution networks, provide more flexibility, and efficient processes to produce higher-quality water network monitoring data at reduced costs (Verma et al, 2015). 2.1 The Physical Layer The physical layer consists of any IoT system such as sensors and other data collection devices for sensing and gathering information on the physical parameters of the water network in the study area. It is the interface between the physical and digital domains and converts analogue to digital signals.
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