Abstract
Integration of unpredictable renewable power sources into the Grid is leading to the development of wide area control algorithms and smart grid. Smart meters are the first step in the building a smart consumer interface. Much more, however, would be required in building a smart grid than just smart meters. This paper explores the conceptual architecture of smart grid. It highlights the need for additional infrastructure to realize full potential of smart grid. The information presented in this paper is an attempt to uncover what the future in smart grid could be and what infrastructure would be required to tap its potential. As smart grid evolves, more functionality would be built in the constituents. The paper also proposes mathematical basis for some of the controller algorithms.
Highlights
A grid essentially consists of Generation System, Transmission system, Distribution System and the Consumers
This paper explores the conceptual architecture of smart grid
The Main controller consists of hardware and software and is an intelligent, programmable device capable of performing metering, computations, numerical processing, running optimization subroutines, establishing bidirectional communication with the Smart Grid Control centre (SGCC) and making decisions based on the specified real time constraints
Summary
A grid essentially consists of Generation System, Transmission (and Subtransmission) system, Distribution System and the Consumers. A smart grid is not necessarily cheap but is the cheapest solution for the given degree of reliability security and other constraints This is because it has higher efficiency and flexibility allowing better utilization of assets. Let say the voltage at a bus came to a level warranting an automatic compensation switching (ACS) The cause for this could be increase in the reactive load or because a line was taken out of service for maintenance. The control action of the commercially deployed FACTS and HVDC systems is based on the locally available/measured power system variables. The control action of the FACTS or other such devices would be responsive to the system vide conditions Such architecture is shown in the Figure 3. The aim is to develop the generic concepts into more concrete proposals and solutions which would be step closer to the implementation of the technologies
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