Abstract
Cities are futures' crucial elements, playing an important role in economics, social and environmental. As closer to individuals, cities face some challenges in terms of problems caused through the rapid urbanization process. Hence, governments and public agencies at all levels should use smart techniques including technology for sustainable development, better quality of life for citizens, and finally, an efficient use of scarce public resources. In this sense, Turkey plans to apply a smart city concept in Turkish cities as worldwide and published 2020-2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan document with four strategic goals, nine targets, and 40 actions. This chapter aims to reveal the institutional, fiscal, and social challenges on smart governance, which is the most important dimension of smart city, for Turkey. In this respect, there are some challenges on smart governance in Turkey in terms of legislation, institutional, transparency and accountability, participation, e-democracy, and citizens.
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