Abstract
Wheat straw, as a secondary waste agricultural product, presents a potential renewable source of energy. It is necessary to design simple heat sources to achieve better usage. As part of an analysis of heat sources, a tubular type of heat exchanger was reviewed. The design of the exchanger was focused on the smallest possible dimensional requirements, low costs, high reliability and easy maintenance. We chose a tubular type of heat exchanger. In our case, flue gas flows through the tubes, and water flows outside of the tubes. This type of exchanger allows for continuous cleaning, but also simple maintenance, even in case of equipment failure. It is possible to replace individual parts (pipes) of equipment that are exposed to the adverse corrosive effects of biomass flue gases. A mathematical model was composed to compute the construction of a heat source. The model was verified by CFD simulation. The main idea of this design is modularity. The composed model can be used to design a series of similar heat sources with different levels of power, and which, as it is of maximal availability for this type of construction, increase use of waste straw as fuel by small farms.
Highlights
The use of alternative energy resources has risen in recent years due to many European Union initiatives
The model can be used to design a series of boilers with different heat powers and different combinations. It is obvious from numerical and CFD simulations that, by using different views to simulate of our heat boiler, we can achieve similar solutions
We can see the difference between the velocity fields in the pipes, which should be improved by using baffles
Summary
The use of alternative energy resources has risen in recent years due to many European Union initiatives. Waste or secondary products in agriculture have been used for many years, and they are considered possible energy resources, for biogas plants, and as a direct resource for heat generation. Authors compared potential and real use of straw in energy generation across five European countries: United. Sci. 2021, 11, 5239 industrial residues as a substitution for fossil fuels in scientific publications [5] They identified the rising interest in research into renewable sources and their use for energy generation. The simple use of straw for heating purposes with adequate small heat sources can have a significant impact on resource utilization for many developing countries, and lead to a reduction in the use of fossil fuels, which can enable emissions reduction. This surplus can be used as an energy resource with other by-products [13]
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