Abstract
Endometriosis is a pathology little referenced in the dermatological literature and is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. When it is a well-defined mass of endometriosis it is called endometrioma. Cutaneous endometriosis is one of the rare gynecological conditions. Cutaneous endometriosis is a disorder that primarily affects women of reproductive age. The disorder is most commonly associated with cyclical pain during menses, but it can be difficult to diagnose in the absence of these symptoms and requires biopsy testing for a definitive diagnosis. We report on a case of a 39-year-old patient who presented with pain at the cearean section scar. She was ultimately diagnosed with cutaneous endometriosis and underwent surgical excision.
Highlights
Endometriosis represents the presence of nonneoplastic endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Cutaneous endometriosis is relatively uncommon and occurs when endometrial glands and stroma reside in the skin
The pathogenesis for primary cutaneous endometriosis remains unclear, but secondary cutaneous endometriosis is believed to occur due to seeding after abdominal or pelvic surgery
Summary
Endometriosis represents the presence of nonneoplastic endometrial tissue outside the uterus. The disease is relatively common and typically affects the ovaries and presents with deep pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea. Extra-pelvic location may occur in more than 12% of women with endometriosis [1,2] and affect any part of the body, even the skin [3]. Cutaneous endometriosis is relatively uncommon and occurs when endometrial glands and stroma reside in the skin. Cutaneous endometriosis can be divided into primary and secondary endometriosis. The pathogenesis for primary cutaneous endometriosis remains unclear, but secondary cutaneous endometriosis is believed to occur due to seeding after abdominal or pelvic surgery. Because the condition is rare and can mimic presentations of other diseases, such as keloid or dermatofibroma, cutaneous endometriosis can be difficult to diagnose. Once the diagnosis has been established, treatment options include hormonal agents and surgical excision with wide margins
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