Size-Dependent Metal–Support Interactions in Cobalt/Ceria-Based Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Furfural Alcohol to 1,5-Pentanediol

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) obtained via the catalytic pyrolysis of hexane at 750°C were studied as the catalysts in conversion of C2–C4 alcohols. The efficiency of CNTs as catalysts in dehydration and dehydrogenation of ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol was studied by means of pulse microcatalysis. The surface and structural characteristics of CNTs are investigated via SEM, TEM, DTA, BET, and XPS. CNTs are shown to be effective catalysts in the conversion of alcohols and do not require additional oxidative treatment. The regularities of the conversion of aliphatic alcohols, related to the properties of the CNTs surface and the structure of the alcohols are identified.

11 - Solid catalysts for furfuryl alcohol conversion to drop-in chemicals

Palladium(ii)acetate is found to be an efficient catalyst for the single-step conversion of secondary propargyl alcohols to 1,3-diarylpropanone derivatives under mild basic conditions.

Size-controlled nanoscale octahedral HKUST-1 as an enhanced catalyst for oxidative conversion of vanillic alcohol: The mediating effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone

Heteropolyanion-doped polypyrrole as catalyst for ethyl alcohol conversion

The problem of the thermochemical recuperation of heat from the exhaust gases of internal com� bustion engines (ICEs) as a method of increasing of the efficiency of fuels has been considered. The thermo� dynamic analysis of thermochemical recuperation conditions was performed, and maximum efficiency con� ditions were determined. Catalysts for the steam conversion of oxygencontaining fuels into syngas were developed, and the Co-Mn/Al2O3 catalyst was shown to be the most promising. The model of a thermo� chemical heat recuperation system was developed and manufactured, and its bench tests in the conversion of alcohols were performed using the simulated exhaust gases from a heating device. Mathematical models for calculating units of the heat recuperation system were developed. A recuperation system was manufactured and tested in the ICEfree and ICEintegrated variants. Based on the test results, the equivalent fuel con� sumption characteristics of a recuperative ICE was revealed to decrease by 11-22% depending on its load with a decrease in the concentration of hazardous emissions by 8-12 times for CO, 2-3.5 times for CH, and 18-25 times for NO x .

The features of ethanol conversion into hydrocarbons C4-C12 in the presence of the novel catalyst Pd-Zn/γ-alumina and pilot zeolite system Pd-Zn/MFI/γ-alumina were studied (MFI is high-siliceous zeolite with ZSM-5 type structure). The structure of active sites changes noticeably in the course of preliminary activation and catalytic reaction. High selectivity and stability of the zeolite-containing Pd-Zn catalyst in alcohol conversion into hydrocarbon components of fuels is related to the stable composition of the alloy that forms clusters PdZn. At the same time, the alumina-based catalyst loses stability due to zinc diffusion from the alloy into γ-Al2O3 to form the spinel structure.

Gamma-valerolactone (GVL) has been identified as a sustainable high-value platform molecular for the production of fuels and carbon-based chemicals. In this work, a novel bifunctional Zr-P/TS-1 catalyst with Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites that enables an efficient one-pot conversion of furfuryl alcohol (FAL) into GVL has been developed by loading ZrO2 and phosphotungstic acid on TS-1. A GVL selectivity of 85.2% at FAL conversion of 100% could be achieved at 170 °C in 24 h over 30Zr-10P/TS-1 using 2-propanol as the hydrogen donor and solvent. Through XRD, TG-DTG, NH3-TPD, SEM, EDS and XPS analysis, the synergistic effect of multiple functional sites is responsible for the good catalytic activity of the catalyst. Based on products distribution, reasonable reaction pathways and mechanisms have been proposed. Brønstedacidic sites of phosphotungstic acid promotes the conversion of furfuryl alcohol to isopropyl levulinate via intermediate isopropyl furfuryl ether in the reaction, and the Lewis acidic sites of ZrO2 effectively catalyzes the transfer hydrogenation of isopropyl levulinate to GVL. Moreover, the 30Zr-10P/TS-1 catalyst was reused for four cycles and exhibited good stability.

Nanoarchitectonics of phosphomolybdic acid supported on activated charcoal for selective conversion of furfuryl alcohol and levulinic acid to alkyl levulinates

Simultaneous presence of bidentate phosphines with surprisingly simple structure and of the ligand triphenylphosphine were revealed as structural characteristics of new Ru catalysts for the selective conversion of primary and secondary alcohols and diols into their corresponding primary amines and diamines (see scheme).

Selective oxidation reactions are an important class of the current chemical industry and will be highly important for future sustainable chemical production. Especially, the selective oxidation of primary alcohols is expected to be of high future interest, as alcohols can be obtained on technical scales from biomass fermentation. The oxidation of primary alcohols produces aldehydes, which are important intermediates. While selective methanol oxidation is industrially established, the commercial catalyst suffers from deactivation. Ethanol selective oxidation is not commercialized but would give access to sustainable acetaldehyde production when using renewable ethanol. In this work, it is shown that employing 2D MXenes as building blocks allows one to design a nanostructured oxide catalyst composed of mixed valence vanadium oxides, which outperforms on both reactions known materials by nearly an order of magnitude in activity, while showing high selectivity and stability. The study shows that the synthesis route employing 2D materials is key to obtain these attractive catalysts. V4C3Tx MXene structured as an aerogel precursor needs to be employed and mildly oxidized in an alcohol and oxygen atmosphere to result in the aspired nanostructured catalyst composed of mixed valence VO2, V6O13, and V3O7. Very likely, the bulk stable reduced valence state of the material together coupled with the nanorod arrangement allows for unprecedented oxygen mobility as well as active sites and results in an ultra-active catalyst.

Utilization of lignite derivatives to construct Zr-based catalysts for the conversion of biomass-derived ethyl levulinate

A simple, practical, and efficient strategy has been demonstrated for the direct synthesis of organic azides from alcohols using azidotrimethylsilane (TMSN₃) as azide source in the presence of copper(II) triflate [Cu(OTf)₂]. A variety of alcohols was converted into the corresponding azides in good to excellent yields. The formation of an intermediate carbocation was confirmed by the synthesis of bis(diphenylmethyl) ether.

Constructing mesoporous CeO2 single-crystal particles in ionic liquids for enhancing the conversion of CO2 and alcohols to carbonates

Herein we report a novel magnetically recoverable lanthanum hydroxide nanoparticles for oxidative synthesis of nitriles directly from corresponding alcohols with ammonia as nitrogen source. The procedure for the preparation and characterization of La(OH)3/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were investigated and the scope and generality of the method was explored for a series of structurally diverse primary alcohols with electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups. The best result was observed when 5 mol% of La with respect to the benzyl alcohol was used at reflux condition under O2 atmosphere. The La(OH)3/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles could be easily isolated from the reaction mixture with an external magnet and reused at least 5 times without significant loss in activity.