Sirtuin 5-mediated desuccinylation of Slc25a4 inhibits osteoporosis by enhancing mitochondrial respiration

The nonalcoholic sonographically fatty liver was strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and common metabolic abnormalities even with normal liver function test.

Background: Iodine is important in both thyroid function and human metabolism. Studies have explored the effect of iodine on metabolic disorders through thyroid function. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between iodine status and metabolic disorders. Methods: Data were obtained from the TIDE program, including 51795 subjects aged ≥18 years. The prevalence of metabolic disorders and its related components were calculated based on the level of urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) using the chi-square method. To further explore whether prevalence was associated with UIC, quadratic and UIC-stratified logistic regression models were used. Findings: The prevalence of metabolic disorders presented as a U-shaped curve as the UICs change with a lower prevalence of 76% at a UIC of 300-499 µg/L. After adjusting for confounding factors, UIC of 300-499 µg/L was found to be a protective factor for metabolic disorders [OR=0·857, 95%CI (0·796-0·922)] and hypertension. A UIC of 300-799 µg/L was found to be protective against the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), impaired fasting glucose (IFG). 500-799 µg/L was protective against the occurrence of prediabetes, UIC ≥ µg/L was found to be protective against the occurrence of dyslipidemia. Furthermore, a UIC of <100 µg/L was a risk factor for hypertension. Interpretation: The association between UICs in adults and metabolic disorders and its components is U-shaped. The beneficial effect of UIC on metabolic disorders disappears in cases of iodine deficiency ( 500 µg/L). Funding Statement: This work is supported by the Research Fund for Public Welfare from National Health and Family Planning Commission of China (Grant No. 201402005). Declaration of Interests: All authors declare no competing interests. Ethical Approval Statement: The ethics committee approved the study protocol.

Metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD) threaten human health. Many studies have assessed the phenomenon of metabolic disorders and CVD in patients with diabetes. However, in euglycemic individuals, the relationships between glucose regulation, metabolism, and CVD remain unclear. This work aimed to explore the associations between postprandial glucose dips, metabolic disorders, and CVD risk. We analyzed data from the Thyroid disorders, Iodine status and Diabetes Epidemiological survey (TIDE study), which included 38 878 euglycemic individuals from all 31 provinces of mainland China. The prevalence of metabolic disorders and their related components and CVD risk were calculated according to postprandial glucose dips. Logistic regression models of quartiles of postprandial glucose dips were used to further explore whether the prevalence of these disorders was associated with postprandial glucose dips. Odds ratios for the fourth vs the first quartile of glucose dips were 0.59 (95% CI, 0.55-0.63) (P < .001) for metabolic disorders, 0.48 (95% CI 0.44-0.53) (P < .001) for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.50-0.59) (P < .001) for hyperuricemia. The odds ratio of a 10-year CVD risk greater than 20% for the fourth vs the first glucose dip quartile was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.52-0.85) (P < .001). Models adjusted for body mass index yielded similar results. Postprandial glucose dips are associated with metabolic disorders, MetS and its related component diseases, and CVD risk. Glucose dips may be a marker of underlying metabolic abnormalities.

Prevalence of metabolic diseases in patients infected with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.

Background: There has been a documented surge in the prevalence of metabolic disorders, notably obesity, in Kenya, especially in urban areas, constituting a severe epidemiological health problem. This study aimed to determine the predictors of metabolic disorders among adolescents aged 13-17 years in Lang’ata Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya, since diabetes and hypertension are the ones of concern in the school health program. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was employed. A total of 216 adolescents aged 13–17 years enrolled in 5-day schools were randomly selected. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS software Version 28. Socio-demographic variables were analysed using univariate descriptive statistics, while categorical variables were analysed using inferential statistics and logistic regression. The study was underpinned by the Socioecological Model, which considers individual, interpersonal, organisational, and environmental influences on adolescent health behaviours related to metabolic outcomes. Results: The prevalence of metabolic disorders was 13%. Multivariate regression analysis revealed the following protective factors: attending public schools (AOR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38–0.91), participating in sporting activities in school AOR 0.60 (95% CI 0.42–0.85); P&lt;0.001and those who took part in home-based activities AOR 0.20 (95% CI 0.08–0.49); P&lt;0.001. Protective factors against adolescent depression as AOR &lt;1. Significant risk factors included being female (AOR 3.50, 95% CI 2.10–5.80, P&lt;0.001) and having a family history of lifestyle disorders (AOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.30–3.40, P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: The study demonstrated that females had a higher prevalence of metabolic disorders (obesity and pre-hypertension) than males. Key determinants included the type of school attended, previous lifestyle disease diagnosis, and family history of lifestyle disorders. Addressing these factors through awareness and targeted interventions is crucial for managing metabolic disorders among adolescents.

Utilisation of atypical antipsychotic drugs in institutionalised elderly persons and prevalence of metabolic alterations

East Asian populations, which account for approximately 20% of the global population, have become central to the worldwide rise of metabolic diseases over the past few decades. The prevalence of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, has escalated sharply, contributing to a substantial burden of complications such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cancer and increased mortality. This concerning trend is primarily driven by a combination of genetic predisposition, unique fat distribution patterns and rapidly changing lifestyle factors, including urbanization and the adoption of Westernized dietary habits. Current advances in genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and microbiome research have provided new insights into the biological mechanisms that might contribute to the heightened susceptibility of East Asian populations to metabolic diseases. This Review synthesizes epidemiological data, risk factors and biomarkers to provide an overview of how metabolic diseases are reshaping public health in East Asia and offers insights into biological and societal drivers to guide effective, region-specific strategies.

Metabolic syndrome consists of cardiometabolic risk factors that promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 'DM' and obesity. These are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Metabolic disorders (MD) are becoming more prevalent both in developing countries and developed countries and are now considered as lifestyle diseases. In women of reproductive age group, especially pregnancy, the blood glucose level is increasing which adversely affects the health of mother and child. Similarly, high blood pressure also precipitates the problems. This study was carried out to find the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and 'MD' among the women living in remote rural set-up. This cross-sectional study was done among women of reproductive age group in 15 villages from 5 panchayats of field practice area of Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan. They were screened for 'MD' through investigative procedures (weight, height, BMR, abdominal girth, blood pressure through sphygmomanometer, blood glucose through the glucometer method), serum HDL and triglycerides. Respondents from the family were asked about the common/general information of house. The tool used for collecting general and relevant information from the respondent was a questionnaire, which was pretested for validity before being used in the field. Four-hundred and sixty-seven women of reproductive age group participated in the study. Half of the participants were with qualification of matriculate and 9.2% participants were illiterate. Three-fourths of the participants were married women and 89% were vegetarian. Sixty-four per cent of participants were housewives. Half of the participants had a normal BMI, whereas 28.9% were overweight and 10% were obese. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among the participants were 12.5% and 9.8%, respectively. Forty-seven per cent participants had a waist circumference above 80 cm. The level of non-communicable diseases is related with the MD which has the adverse effect on the various systems and organs of the subjects. The MD can be controlled with the certain changes in the life style pattern. The GOI is also concerned with such scenarios in the country. It is recommended that women of reproductive age group undergo regular blood pressure and blood sugar screenings to detect hypertension and diabetes early and take appropriate measures to manage them.

Uncontrolled inflammation is considered the pathophysiological basis of many prevalent metabolic disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. The inflammatory response is a self-limiting process that produces a superfamily of chemical mediators, called specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). SPMs include the ω-3-derived family of molecules, such as resolvins, protectins, and maresins, as well as arachidonic acid-derived (ω-6) lipoxins that stimulate and promote resolution of inflammation, clearance of microbes, and alleviation of pain and promote tissue regeneration via novel mechanisms. SPMs function by binding and activating G protein-coupled receptors, such as FPR2/ALX, GPR32, and ERV1, and nuclear orphan receptors, such as RORα. Recently, several studies reported that SPMs have the potential to attenuate lipid metabolism disorders. However, the understanding of pharmacological aspects of SPMs, including tissue-specific biosynthesis, and specific SPM receptors and signaling pathways, is currently limited. Here, we summarize recent advances in the role of SPMs in resolution of inflammatory diseases with metabolic disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity, obtained from preclinical animal studies. In addition, the known SPM receptors and their intracellular signaling are reviewed as targets of resolution of inflammation, and the currently available information on the therapeutic effects of major SPMs for metabolic disorders is summarized.

Present study results indicated that out of 105 dairy farmers visited, it was observed that all most all of the farmers practice stall feeding and offer feeds twice in a day, to advanced pregnant crossbred cows. The majority of farmers (56%) were offered mixture of straws (wheat straw+ gram straw) and some of them used masoor/soybean straw as dry roughage. It was observed that 33% farmers offered mixture of local grasses + maize fodder + MP Chari followed by maize + local grass (26%) as green roughage. Twenty six percent farmers were not feeding any greens. Available concentrate feeds are wheat bran, cotton seed cake and concentrate mixture. Majority of farmers (84%) offered wheat bran+ cotton seed cake as concentrate. Only 10% farmers were supplementing mineral mixture and 29% supplementing salt. Prevalence of overall reproductive disorders was 15.8%. Among different disorders, incidence of retained placenta, vaginal prolapse and uterine prolapse were 9%, 4.2% and 2.6%, respectively. Prevalence of metabolic disorders and mastitis were 6.8 and 14%, respectively in total population. Among metabolic disorders, incidence of haemoglobinuria was 2.5%, milk fever was 2.7% and downers cow syndrome was observed in 1.6% cows. The prevalence of mastitis (14%) was higher than other problems in crossbred cows. These results indicates that under existing feeding pattern inadequacy of various nutrients in the ration of advanced pregnant crossbred cows could be probable of various reproductive and metabolic disorders prevalent in this area.

BackgroundThe prevalence of metabolic disorders is increasing and has been suggested to increase cancer risk, but the relation between metabolic disorders and risk of cancer is unclear, especially in young adults. We investigated the associations between diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia on risk of all-site as well as site-specific cancers.MethodsWe consecutively included men and women from nationwide Danish registries 1996–2011, if age 20–89 and without cancer prior to date of entry. We followed them throughout 2012. Metabolic disorders were defined using discharge diagnosis codes and claimed prescriptions. We used time-dependent sex-stratified Poisson regression models adjusted for age and calendar year to assess associations between metabolic disorders, and risk of all-site and site-specific cancer (no metabolic disorders as reference).ResultsOver a mean follow-up of 12.6 (±5.7 standard deviations [SD]) years, 4,826,142 individuals (50.2 % women) with a mean age of 41.4 (±18.9 SD) years had 423,942 incident cancers. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of all-site cancer in patients with diabetes or hypertension were highest immediately following diagnosis of metabolic disorder. In women, cancer risk associated with diabetes continued to decline albeit remained significant (IRRs of 1.18–1.22 in years 1–8 following diagnosis). For diabetes in men, and hypertension, IRRs stabilized and remained significantly increased after about one year with IRRs of 1.10-1.13 in men for diabetes, and 1.07–1.14 for hypertension in both sexes. Conversely, no association was observed between hypercholesterolemia (treatment with statins) and cancer risk. The association between hypertension and cancer risk was strongest in young adults aged 20–34 and decreased with advancing age.ConclusionsDiabetes and hypertension were associated with increased risk of all-site cancer.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2122-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

It is assumed that juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), as many other rheumatic diseases, is in close pathogenic connection with metabolic disorders and early atherosclerosis. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components both in healthy Finno-Ugrian children and teens and JIA patients is unknown.Objective of the present work was to study the prevalence of metabolic disorders in children with JIA, living in the Republic of Mordovia.Subjects and methods. Authors have examined 82 children (among them 44 girls) with JIA aged 10–18 years. Results. Full complex of metabolic syndrome symptoms was revealed in 36.6% of patients, most of which had arthritis. Dyslipidaemia, obesity and arterial hypertension were recorded most frequently and correlated with activity of the disease and the dose of systemic glucocorticoids.Conclusion. JIA is associated with high prevalence of metabolic disorders which only partially (arterial hypertension and carbohydrate metabolism disorders) are connected with glucocorticoid therapy and mainly determined by the high inflammatory activity of the disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and metabolic disorders in patients with obesity. In total, 716 obese patients were enrolled. Participants were divided into two groups (non-severe and severe hepatic steatosis) based on their CAP value. The prevalence of metabolic disorders and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups. Patients with severe hepatic steatosis exhibited significantly higher levels of blood pressure, fasting C peptide, glycated hemoglobin, homeostasis model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), uric acid, and triglyceride, as well as lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) than exhibited by those without severe hepatic steatosis. CAP was significantly positively associated with blood pressure, fasting C peptide, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, and HDL. After adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), binary logistic regression analysis revealed that CAP could be a risk factor for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, decreased HDL, and elevated triglyceride. Furthermore, CAP may independently predict metabolic disorders, including hypertension, decreased HDL, and insulin resistance. Our findings suggest that CAP is closely associated with metabolic dysfunction in Chinese individuals with obesity, and it could serve as a good predictor of metabolic dysfunction, especially hypertension, decreased HDL, and insulin resistance.

About 60% of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have insulin resistance, predisposing them to the premature coronary disease and type 2-diabetes mellitus. However, the history of metabolic disorders in family members of patients with PCOS has been seldom documented in the literature. To evaluate the family profile of metabolic disorders of PCOS patients and to determine their relative risk of developing one of them in comparison to a control group. Sixty PCOS patients were evaluated. The control group were 60 normal women. The data were obtained from the clinical history and personal interview with the patients, the controls and their relatives (brothers, parents and grandparents). The metabolic disorders considered were: dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension and diabetes. The ages were similar between groups (PCOS: 24.0 +/- 6.3; control group: 24.8 +/- 6.2 years). The prevalence of metabolic disorders was 62% in the relatives of the PCOS patients and 27.8% in the relatives of the control group (p < 0.005). The probability to develop a metabolic disorder within the family was 2.7 (2.2-3.3) fold higher in the PCOS group compared to the control group. The risk of developing hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and diabetes was 2.1 (1.5-2.9); 1.8 (1.5-2.7); 3.6 (2.6-4.9) and 2.7 (1.8-3.9), respectively, in the PCOS group compared to the control group. The probability of finding a metabolic disorder in the families of PCOS patients, is 2.7 fold higher than in the control group families. The metabolic disorders are more frequent in parents and grandparents of the PCOS patients than in those of normal women.

Osteoblastic differentiation and bone-forming capacity are known to be suppressed under hypoxic conditions. Melatonin has been shown to influence cell differentiation. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that melatonin also has an anabolic effect on bone, by promoting osteoblastic differentiation. However, the precise mechanisms and the signaling pathways involved in this process, particularly under hypoxic conditions, are unknown. This study investigated whether melatonin could promote osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization of preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells under hypoxic conditions. Additionally, we examined the molecular signaling pathways by which melatonin mediates this process. We found that melatonin is capable of promoting differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. Melatonin upregulated ALP activity and mRNA levels of Alp, Osx, Col1, and Ocn in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Alizarin red S staining showed that the mineralized matrix in hypoxic MC3T3-E1 cells formed in a manner that was dependent on melatonin concentration. Moreover, melatonin stimulated phosphorylation of p38 Mapk and Prkd1 in these MC3T3-E1 cells. We concluded that melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells under hypoxic conditions via the p38 Mapk and Prkd1 signaling pathways.