Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate single-pixel photon counting imaging based on dual-comb interferometry at 1550 nm. Different from traditional dual-comb imaging, this approach enables imaging at the photon-counting regime by using single-photon detectors combined with a time-correlated single-photon counter to record the returning photons. The illumination power is as low as 14 pW, corresponding to 2.2 × 10−3 photons/pulse. The lateral resolution is about 50 μm. This technique paves the way for applying dual-comb in remote sensing and imaging.
Highlights
The development of single-photon detectors has revolutionized photon-counting laser ranging and imaging in speed and sensitivity [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
We believe this work set the basis for the application of dual-comb single-photon interferometry, in remote spectrum-encoded imaging and in biological tomography
The more periods we could acquire signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a resolved comb line was technically limited we by could the photon in a photon-counting dual-comb interferogram, the higher resolution obtain in the Fourier-transformed spectrum
Summary
The development of single-photon detectors has revolutionized photon-counting laser ranging and imaging in speed and sensitivity [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. To map the different optical frequencies into distinct spatial locations, spatial dispersers, such as virtually imaged phase arrays (VIPA) [11,14] and/or gratings [13,16], are used This high-speed, multiplex imaging method has been demonstrated for confocal laser microscopy in life science [11,15] and has shown great potential for nanomaterial structure imaging [19]. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1379 extend this method to more application scenarios such as remote imaging or sensitive biological tissue imaging, a dilemma will be encountered when the light signal reaches a photon-counting level [5,10] To solve this problem, we come up with the idea to integrate the dual-comb imaging with a time-correlated single-photon counting technique which may provide the possibility to achieve both high resolution and high detection sensitivity in a dual-comb target-encoded imaging system for weak-light applications. We believe this work set the basis for the application of dual-comb single-photon interferometry, in remote spectrum-encoded imaging and in biological tomography
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