Abstract
Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Based on secretion of required cytokines upon infection, HCV can improve its own RNA and successfully complete the replication cycle. Importantly, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common type of genetic variation and have been found to play a critical role in modulation of cellular cytokine production and interaction. A total of 100 blood samples were obtained from HCV patients, and 120 samples were obtained from healthy individuals who served as controls. SNPs of interleukin-10/592 (IL-10/592) and IL-4/589 were investigated for possible connection with HCV infection. Relative expression of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The polymorphisms of IL-10 revealed a high rate of mutant genotype CC within the location IL-10/592 in HCV patients and controls, which resulted in low secretion of IL-10. Interestingly, the findings here demonstrate a positive association between HCV load of viremia and the mutant genotype IL-4-589/TT accompanied with low expression IL-4 in comparison with IL-6 expression. These data suggest that the expression of IL-4 is inversely proportional to HCV load of viremia, and this connection is due to the high level of mutant genotype IL-4-589/TT in infected patients located in gene promoter and inhibits gene expression.
Highlights
Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV)
These data suggest that the expression of IL-4 is inversely proportional to HCV load of viremia, and this connection is due to the high level of mutant genotype IL-4-589/TT in infected patients located in gene promoter and inhibits gene expression
The comparison between male and female in both control and patient samples showed negligible frequency differentiation of indicated genotypes (Table 3). These results indicate that the mutant genotype CC within the location 592 of IL-10 existed in HCV patients, but cannot be used as an indicator for HCV infection
Summary
Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Conclusions: These data suggest that the expression of IL-4 is inversely proportional to HCV load of viremia, and this connection is due to the high level of mutant genotype IL-4-589/TT in infected patients located in gene promoter and inhibits gene expression. Cellular immune response, which includes the production of endogenous interferons (IFNs) and cytokines connected with specific cellular pathways, is very important in recovery from acute hepatitis infection. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection induces a variety of intracellular signaling pathways that are either antiviral or are required to ensure efficient viral replication. Interleukins are rapidly secreted from host cells in response to viral infection and environmental stress in order to trigger cascade signaling of neighbor cells. IL-4 is another cellular cytokine that endorses the Khalil et al – SNPs of interleukins associated with HCV infection
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