Abstract
Objective. Description of a case of esophageal perforation handled in the Hospital Juarez de Mexico. Description of the case. Masculine patient of 54 years of age, with importance antecedents of being chronic alcoholic and smoker. It presents pain in epigastric, accompanied by nauseous and vomits and later respiratory difficulty. To the clinic exploration is added only identifies an increase of volume of soft parts in both regions supraclavicular. Conclusions. The spontaneous rupture of the esophagus represents 15% and is known like Boerhaave syndrome, described for the first time in 1724 by Dutch doctor Herman Boerhaave (1668-1738). It takes place in patients with intense vomits and that often have ingested great amounts of alcohol. The cause of the injury is the abrupt increase of the pressure intra-esophageal, with passage of the gastric content towards the mediastinum causing serious mediastinitis, sepsis and shock.
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