Abstract
Survey of architectural façades to obtain elevation drawings is an essential, especially in case of maintenance, restoration, ...etc. On the other hand, the rapid progress of the obtained image size captured by digital cameras opens new areas for the captured images to be used in photogrammetry. One of these new areas is the use of a single digital image for surveying and recording of architectural façades. So, the main objective of the current research is to develop a computer algorithm using least squares adjustment method for studying the practical visibility, applicability, and accuracy of using a single digital image captured by a digital camera in surveying architectural façades. To achieve the above-mentioned goal, simplified formulas obtained from collinearity condition, the basis of the Direct Linear Transformation model (DLT), to suit the architectural façades conditions, which is the façade lies in one vertical plane. The obtained formulas showed that eight transformation parameters are required (needed) between the architectural façade and the captured image. Hence, the eight parameters can be computed using four common points or more. So, two field experiments were made on two architectural façades to test the practical visibility, applicability, and accuracy of the supposed technique. The obtained results proved the success of the supposed technique and its related computer algorithm in the survey and the record of the vertical architectural façades.
Highlights
Mentioned Architectural façades surveys are carried out for various reasons such as validation, maintenance or facility management, alterations and additions, restoration, and recording of the architecture and its details [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5]
If photogrammetry is used for façade recordings, elevation drawings can be produced with higher degree of detail and less effort
One of the photogrammetric techniques is the single image photogrammetry, which deals with the extraction of geometric information using only one photo
Summary
Mentioned Architectural façades surveys are carried out for various reasons such as validation, maintenance or facility management, alterations and additions, restoration, and recording of the architecture and its details [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5]. It is well known that documentation and producing of elevation drawings of architectural façades can be done using traditional surveying techniques as well as photogrammetric techniques The advantage of those image maps compared to line drawings is the higher degree of details with less effort [6] and [7]. The main objective of this paper is to asses the developed computer algorithm obtained for transforming a digital image captured by a digital camera for documentation, surveying and producing elevation drawings of architectural façades. The present paper investigates the rigorous solution comes from the Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) of a single image in a fully automated fashion This will necessitate the development of a new appropriate computer program, based on rigorous algorithm, using the parametric least squares adjustment method. Discussion of obtained results for testing the reliability and resolution of the developed program, for automatic transformation for map production from a single digital image will be outlined
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