Abstract
Niobium-doped MnO2/reduced graphene oxide (Nb-MnO2/RGO) composite has been successfully synthesized via a simple microwave radiation method. The samples were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and electrochemical measurements. As the anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the Nb-MnO2/RGO (molar ratio of Mn/Nb = 50:1) (NMG50) showed an outstanding reversible discharge capacity of 556.6 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles with a capacity retention of 77% at a charge-discharge rate of 0.1 A g−1 and the reversible discharge capacity can still retain 223.3 mAh g−1 at a current of 1 A g−1, which is much higher than those for Nb-MnO2/RGO (molar ratio of Mn/Nb = 10:1) (NMG10) and undoped MnO2/RGO (MG). The improved electrochemical performance could be attributed to the proper amount of Nb doping, which could enhance both the conductivity and the structure stability of MnO2.
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