Abstract
In this paper, a design of a silicon mode (de)multiplexer based on cascaded counter-tapered couplers is proposed and investigated. By using the particle swarm optimization algorithm and finite difference time domain method, structural parameters of each counter-tapered coupler in our proposed mode (de)multiplexer are optimized so that high conversion efficiencies can be obtained and coupling lengths can be significantly shortened. The coupling lengths of counter-tapered couplers in the proposed silicon four-mode (de)multiplexer operating in transverse-electric polarization are 8 μm, 9 μm, and 10 μm. The corresponding conversion efficiencies are respectively 98.98%, 99.98%, and 98.68%. Experimental results show that, the fabricated device exhibits a demultiplexed crosstalk of -32.76 dB, -27.10 dB, -32.45 dB, or -33.29 dB at 1550 nm wavelength, when the fundamental transverse-electric mode is respectively launched into the ports Input0, Input1, Input2, or Input3. The measured demultiplexed crosstalk is less than -15.15 dB from 1525 to 1596 nm and lower than -18.12 dB from 1525 to 1561 nm.
Highlights
As the number of parallel processing cores continues to increase, the demand for high-capacity communication between cores and memories would become a tremendous challenge [1]
We propose a design of a silicon modemultiplexer based on cascaded particle-swarm-optimized counter-tapered couplers
Structural parameters of each counter-tapered coupler are optimized by taking advantage of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and high conversion efficiencies can be achieved within the greatly reduced coupling lengths for our designed modemultiplexer
Summary
As the number of parallel processing cores continues to increase, the demand for high-capacity communication between cores and memories would become a tremendous challenge [1]. Various approaches have been developed to experimentally demonstrate mode (de)multiplexers on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, such as grating assisted couplers (GACs) [6], [7], adiabatic couplers (ACs) [8]–[12], densely packed multimode waveguide arrays (DPMWAs) [13], [14], inverse design [15]–[17], asymmetric directional couplers (ADCs) [18]–[21], asymmetric Y-junctions [22]–[24], and tapered directional couplers (TDCs) [25], [26]. Structural parameters of each counter-tapered coupler are optimized by taking advantage of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and high conversion efficiencies can be achieved within the greatly reduced coupling lengths for our designed mode (de)multiplexer. Experimental results reveal that, for the fabricated device, the demultiplexed crosstalk less than −15.15 dB within a bandwidth from 1525 to 1596 nm and lower than −18.12 dB from 1525 to 1561 nm can be obtained
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