Abstract
In an isolated many-body localized system, initial quantum correlations can remain local rather than spread throughout the system. But experimental studies of such systems are difficult because of unavoidable interactions with the environment, which ultimately spoil the effect. A new method for controlling a photon bath demonstrates a first step toward understanding the effects of this coupling and extrapolating to fully isolated systems.
Highlights
In a perfectly closed system, many-body localization (MBL) presents a novel paradigm of time evolution, in which quantum correlations can persist locally to arbitrarily long times [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]
In this regime, which is inaccessible to current numerical studies, we find a strong dependence on interactions
Varying the scattering rate γ enabled us to characterize the robustness of the MBL system via the definition of a susceptibility χ, which we found to be essentially independent of the interaction strength deep in the localized phase
Summary
In a perfectly closed system, many-body localization (MBL) presents a novel paradigm of time evolution, in which quantum correlations can persist locally to arbitrarily long times [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. The patterns vanish and the systems become thermal because of residual couplings to the environment. Recent analytical and numerical studies considered the relaxation of almost local integrals of motion associated with MBL under the influence of a weak coupling to a photon bath [30,31,32,33,34]. This constitutes a Markovian heat bath at infinite temperature operating mainly through two dissipation channels [Fig. 1(b)]: (i) effectively measuring the position of the particles and (ii) particle loss. We demonstrate a versatile tool for systematic studies of open quantum systems, both within and outside of the context of MBL
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