Abstract
We consider the signal-processing principles during the Earth-surface sounding by syntheticaperture radars (SARs) including the along-track interference radars. The aperture-synthesis features for solving two problems, namely the measurements of the local-reflector velocity and reconstruction of the velocity pattern of the rough surface, are discussed. The features of these problems and restrictions related to the aperture-synthesis process and other factors including the limited radiated power of a space radar are considered. Conclusions on the possibilities of the radar reconstruction of the surface velocity fields for both the local reflectors and the extended surface (sea currents) are drawn. Approximate calculations of the available parameters of the recorded fields in the SARs mounted onboard low-orbit spacecraft are performed.
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