Abstract
The side-chain alkylation of p-xylene with methanol has been studied on alkali cation exchanged and impregnated zeolites. The results show that the activities and the selectivities for p-ethyltoluene and p-methylstyrene formation are correlated with the acid—base properties of the catalysts which are characterized by poisoning with phenol and infrared (IR) spectra of adsorbed acetic acid or pyridine. IR spectra show that there are absorption bands of acetate on all used alkali cation zeolites and pyridine adsorbed sites on LiX and NaX zeolites. It is also shown that the activities of the reaction increase when the catalysts are modified by copper or silver oxide. ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) results indicate that, under the reaction conditions, copper or silver oxide is present in its reduced state which can catalyze the dehydrogenation of methanol to formaldehyde, and give a promoting role for the side-chain alkylation.
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