Abstract
It is shown that the termination of the channeling of the fundamental radiation mode in the waveguide can be observed upon heating of an optical integrated circuit based on proton exchange channel waveguides formed in a lithium niobate single crystal. This process is reversible, but restoration of waveguide performance takes tens of minutes. The effect of the waveguide disappearance is observed upon rapid heating (5 K/min) from a low temperature (minus 40 °C). This effect can lead to a temporary failure of navigation systems using fiber optic gyroscopes with modulators based on a lithium niobate crystal.
Highlights
Optical integrated circuits based on a lithium niobate crystal are used in fiber optic gyroscopes for phase modulation of a signal and in fiber trunk circuits for signal encoding at a frequency of up to 100 GHz [1,2]
The proton exchange method is somewhat simpler, because it does not require heating the crystal above 350 ◦ C [5]
In this paper we studied the temperature behavior of phase signal modulators used in a fiber optic gyroscope and constructed according to the scheme of Y-splitter
Summary
Optical integrated circuits based on a lithium niobate crystal are used in fiber optic gyroscopes for phase modulation of a signal and in fiber trunk circuits for signal encoding at a frequency of up to 100 GHz [1,2]. The main advantages of using a lithium niobate crystal are its wide transmission window, high electro-optical coefficient r33 and the relative simplicity of creating waveguides [3]. The waveguides of optical integrated circuits are formed by the ion exchange method. As a rule, they either replace Li+ ions with H+ ions (proton exchange method), or Nb5+ ions with Ti5+ ions (titanium diffusion method). The proton exchange method is somewhat simpler, because it does not require heating the crystal above 350 ◦ C [5]
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