Abstract
Lincomycin, as one of the most commonly used antibiotics, may cause intestinal injury, enteritis and other side effects, but it remains unknown whether these effects are associated with microbial changes and the effects of different doses of lincomycin on infants. Here, 21-day old mice were exposed to 1 and 5 g/L lincomycin to explore the effects of lincomycin on the gut microbiota, metabolites and inflammation. Compared to the control mice, 1 g/L lincomycin exposure decreased the body weight gain of mice (p < 0.05). Both 1 and 5 g/L lincomycin exposure reduced the diversity and microbial composition of mice (p < 0.05). Furthermore, 1 and 5 g/L lincomycin reduced the relative concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the colon chyme of mice (p < 0.05). In addition, 5 g/L lincomycin exposure reduced the villus height, crypt depth, and relative expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, IL-18, TNF-α, and p65 in the jejunum of mice (p < 0.05), while 1 g/L lincomycin exposure reduced the relative expression of TLR2, TLR3, TNF-α, and p65 (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results highlight the depletion effect of short-term lincomycin exposure on microbiota and the further regulatory effect on intestinal morphology and immunosuppression in infant mice.
Highlights
Over the past decades, antibiotics have made a significant contribution to public health and are widely used in animal husbandry to promote growth, but antibiotic resistance is causing people to rethink and restrict the use of antibiotics
The results showed that 1 g/L lincomycin significantly with drinking-water (CON) for 7 days
The results showed that 1 g/L lincomycin significantly reduced reduced the body weight gain of the mice (p < 0.05), but 5 g/L lincomycin had no effects on body the body weight gain of the mice (p < 0.05), but 5 g/L lincomycin had no effects on body weight gain weight gain (Figure 1A)
Summary
Antibiotics have made a significant contribution to public health and are widely used in animal husbandry to promote growth, but antibiotic resistance is causing people to rethink and restrict the use of antibiotics. Gut microbiota which is abundant in the gastrointestinal tract plays a key role in host health, and is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases (obesity, diabetes, autoimmunity, and malignancies especially colorectal cancer) [1]. It is well-documented that gut microbiota can break down food and promote the utilization of nutrients [2]. The gut microbiota protects the host by adjusting immunity and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria [3]. Ampicillin, Antibiotics 2020, 9, 907; doi:10.3390/antibiotics9120907 www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics
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