Abstract
This study experimentally examined the deformability of cementitious mortars modified with ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) for use in extrusion-based additive construction. The research was based on the author’s previous study of the properties of fresh EVA-modified cementitious mixtures for use in additive construction via extrusion. The particular focus was on these mortars’ short-term deformation factors, including the modulus of elasticity, drying shrinkage, and thermal expansion. The experimental results indicate that as the EVA/cement ratio was increased, the compressive strength and elastic modulus tended to decrease but the maximum compressive strain increased. At 28 days, the drying shrinkage tended to increase as the EVA/cement ratio was increased. The coefficient of thermal expansion was also found to increase as the EVA/cement ratio was increased. A very high correlation was found between these three deformation factors and the EVA/cement ratio. Given these results, it was determined that the addition of EVA powder to EVA-modified cementitious mortars used in extrusion-based additive construction could adversely affect their short-term deformation factors. However, increasing the EVA/cement ratio resulted in a decrease in the modulus of elasticity, thereby reducing the level of stress caused by drying shrinkage and thermal expansion. This effect will eventually lead to improvements in the degree of extensibility, thereby offsetting the negative impacts. However, it is still desirable to minimize the EVA/cement ratio to the extent that adequate properties for the fresh material can be obtained.
Highlights
Construction processes are intrinsically labor-intensive and accompanied by a high risk of accidents, and would benefit from the introduction of automated solutions
This study showed buildability results, the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)-modified cementitious mortars proposed in study showed excellent buildability results, cementitious proposed in this this study showed excellent becausethe theEVA-modified stacked heights experiencedmortars a minimal decrease, even though changes were buildability made to the because the stacked heights experienced a minimal decrease, even though changes were made to the because the stacked heights the experienced a minimal even changes were the EVA/cement ratio
Stress–Strain Relationship and Modulus of Elasticity layered EVA-modified cementitious mortar (σ = εshE) and the stress caused by thermal expansion
Summary
Construction processes are intrinsically labor-intensive and accompanied by a high risk of accidents, and would benefit from the introduction of automated solutions. The construction industry, lags behind other fields in implementing such automation. An additive construction method intended for concrete structures has recently been developed and applied to small building projects, such as pedestrian bridges [1,2,3]. Cementitious concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials worldwide, and is mostly in the form of ready-mixed concrete. Cementitious concrete placement, typically requires a formwork. Formwork installation costs a great deal in terms of material, human labor, and equipment resources. The construction process is inevitably long term, due to the labor intensity of formwork installation and removal. The waste produced by formworks may have a negative impact on the environment [4]
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