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Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with orange pulp (OP) on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty male lambs were placed in individual pens and fed with four levels of replacement of corn by OP (0, 33, 66, 100%) during 60 days. Average daily gain (ADG) showed a quadratic effect (p<0.007) with the increasing levels of replacement. Inclusion of 33 and 66% of OP in the diet significantly increased dry matter intake (DMI) compared to control group (p<0.01). Ruminal ammonia-N concentration showed a linear decrease (p<0.002). Ruminal fluid pH increased linearly with the increasing replacement of corn by OP (p<0.001). Acetate concentration showed a linear increase (p<0.001). Plasma total protein showed a linear increase (p<0.002). Organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber showed a quadratic effect with the level of replacement. The results of the present study showed that replacement of corn by OP improves DMI of fattening lambs, leading to an enhancement in ADG at the replacement level of 40.3%. Also, total replacement of corn by OP did not have any adverse effect on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters.
Highlights
There is a growing interest in most countries to use low cost alternative feedstuff sources for animal husbandry
The results of the present study showed that replacement of corn by orange pulp (OP) improves dry matter intake (DMI) of fattening lambs, leading to an enhancement in Average daily gain (ADG) at the replacement level of 40.3%
Bueno et al (2002) found that Saanen kids fed different proportion of OP showed a quadratic effect and the highest ADG observed in kids fed diet containing 42.3% of OP
Summary
There is a growing interest in most countries to use low cost alternative feedstuff sources for animal husbandry. One example of such feedstuff is the citrus pulp, which is a by-product originated from the citrus juice industry that includes mixture of citrus peel, pulp and seeds (Lashkari et al, 2014). The inclusion of high levels of starch decreases rumen pH (Carro et al, 2000) which may affect the function of rumen cellulolytic bacteria (Stritzler et al, 1998), decreasing rumen cell wall fermentation, digestibility and feed intake (Castrillo et al, 1991). Citrus pulp has a high concentration of pectin, which leads to a fast rumen fermentation, releasing energy for a rapid microbial growth.
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