Shoreline change detection along the coast of Odisha, India using digital shoreline analysis system

Abstract

A long-term shoreline change analysis is significant for coastal zone management as well as planning for future development in the coastal zone. The present study analyse a long term (1990–2015) shoreline change along the Odisha coast, India using geo-informatics. The High Water Line (HWL) was considered as shoreline, which was detected by Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) method. The shorelines as vector were extracted from binary raster image which was created by dynamic local threshold values. The shoreline has been updated in river creeks, mouth. Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) developed by USGS, as Arc GIS extension, were used to calculate shoreline change rate. The Linear Regression Rate method was used to calculate shoreline change rate. The result reveals that about 196 km (46%) shoreline is eroded, where 78 km (18%) shoreline is in stable condition and 156 km (36%) shoreline is accreted along the Odisha coast. The Puri and Kendapara districts have found with most eroded shoreline 80 km (18.7%) and 41 km (9.5%) respectively, whereas most accreted shoreline is around 37 km (8.5%), has found along the coast of Bhadrak district. On the other hand Ganjam district has the least eroded shoreline, which is around 8 km (2%), whereas the least accreted shoreline has found along the coastline of Puri district (5%). The study has done on the regional scale with significant information, which can help coastal managers and researchers towards sustainable coastal zone research, management and planning.