Abstract
Flavonoids are important bioactive compounds, omnipresent in the human diet, and are reported to be bifunctional inducers. These phytochemicals are able to induce xenobiotic-responsive element (XRE)- and electrophile-responsive element (EpRE)-mediated gene expression, resulting in the induction of biotransformation enzymes. To test whether flavonoid-induced EpRE-mediated gene expression could be the result of upstream XRE-mediated gene expression, several flavonoids were tested for their ability to induce XRE- and EpRE-mediated gene expression using two stably transfected reporter gene cell lines constructed in the same mouse Hepa-1c1c7 hepatoma background. Although classified as bifunctional inducers, all flavonoids were found to induce EpRE- and XRE-mediated gene expression in a different concentration range, which presents an issue not considered by the current definition of a bifunctional inducer. At physiological relevant concentrations, the induction of gene expression via the EpRE transcriptional enhancer element is dominant, leading in particular to elevated levels of EpRE-regulated detoxifying enzymes. Furthermore, these results strongly suggest that EpRE-mediated gene expression induced by flavonoids is not a downstream reaction of XRE-mediated gene expression.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.