Abstract
Two species of Mu centers with extremely small hyperfine parameters have been observed in single crystalline ZnO below 40 K. Both Mu centers have an axial symmetric hyperfine structure along with the [0001] axis, indicating that they are located at ABO,∥ and BC∥ sites. It is inferred from their small ionization energy (≃6 meV and 50 meV) and hyperfine parameters (∼10−4 times the vacuum value) that these centers behave as shallow donors, strongly suggesting that hydrogen is one of the primary origins of n type conductivity in as-grown ZnO.
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