Abstract
In most species of birds, it is not possible to identify the genus by the external phenotypic characteristics in young animals since the reproductive organs are internal. Therefore, as it is fundamental for breeders to carry out this sexual differentiation not only for the reproductive issue but also for the fact that in some species only males show certain characteristics such as song, it is extremely important to perform the sexing of birds through DNA analysis , which besides giving 99.9% reliability to the result, brings other advantages in relation to other techniques, such as the reduction of stress and the risk of damage to the bird and also the fact that it is applied from any age (ideal for the chicks). The objective of this work was to sex 13 birds of the species of Amazon aestiva (Papagaio-Verdadeiro) using the PCR technique. Since in birds the heterogametic sex is that of females, two bands were observed for this genus and only one was observed for males, with 5 males and 3 females being identified. From the results obtained it was possible to conclude that the PCR technique allowed to confirm the animals' genus in an efficient and non-invasive way, representing an important tool for targeting mating and conservation of the wild bird species.
Highlights
In most species of birds, it is not possible to identify the genus by the external phenotypic characteristics in young animals since the reproductive organs are internal
A região do genoma relacionada ao controle da transcrição de genes de desenvolvimento sexual, denominada CHD (Ellergren, 1996) pode ser amplificada pelo método da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) (Morinha et al, 2012) utilizando-se uma dupla de primers P2/P8 (CHD-universal) que amplifica fragmentos homólogos de ambos os genes específicos e permitindo uma clara separação sexual
O gene CHD-W localiza-se no cromossomo W, sendo único nas fêmeas e o CHD-Z encontra-se no cromossomo Z, ocorrendo em ambos os sexos (Griffiths et al, 1998)
Summary
Amostras de sangue de 13 aves da espécie Amazona aestiva do criadouro Passaredo, localizado em Guaratiba – Rio de Janeiro – RJ foram coletadas com papel de filtro (Marca Whatman, 55 mm) por meio do corte da unha e armazenadas em envelope. Todos os animais apresentavam número de registro no IBAMA e os dados foram previamente submetidos e aprovados pela CEUA/UNIGRANRIO (n° 020/2019). No laboratório LabGen (UNIGRANRIO), as amostras foram armazenadas individualmente e devidamente identificadas pelo número da anilha. O DNA das amostras foi extraído com o kit comercial PureLink® (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, EUA) de acordo com o protocolo sugerido pelo próprio fabricante e posteriormente a qualidade e concentração do DNA foram avaliadas por espectrofotometria em equipamento Nanodrop (Thermo Scientific, Wilmington, DE, EUA), com leitura da absorbância nos comprimentos de ondas A260 e A280. Os produtos amplificados foram submetidos a eletroforese em gel de Agarose 1,5% e posteriormente avaliadas no transiluminador para avaliação do resultado
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