Sex Pheromone Composition and Monitoring of the Oriental Fruit Moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Naju Pear Orchards

Abstract

The sex pheromone blend of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from pear orchards of Naju, Korea, has been identified. Four candidate sex pheromone components in abdominal tip extracts of G. molesta female were detected by gas chromatography (GC). GC analysis indicated that it included (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8-12: Ac), ( E)-8-dodecenyl acetate ( E8-12: Ac), (Z)-8-dodecenol (Z8-12: OH), and dodecanol (12: OH) in a ratio of 100:6.8:19.1:5.4. In the field trappings, Z8-12: Ac alone was not attractive to G. molesta male, and more males were caught by traps baited with Z8-12: Ac containing 4, 5 or 6 % E isomer than by traps baited with other Z: E mixtures. Addition of Z8-12: OH to the two acetates increased significantly catch of G. molesta males. Although a significant amount of Z8-12: OH was detected in the female abdominal tip extracts, addition of Z8-12: OH at the 1 % level of the total acetates was sufficient to enhance the trap catch. Traps baited with 95: 5: 1 blend of Z8-12: Ac, E8-12: Ac, and Z8-12: OH were successfully used to monitor G. molesta males flights. Analysis of seasonal trap catches over three years summarizes that the moth has four main generation peaks over at least seven months per year in Naju.