Sex-Based Difference in Clinical Presentation and Outcomes—A Single-Center Experience

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aim The aim of this study was to compare the gender-based differences in baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, and outcomes among patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in our institute. Methods This is a single-center, retrospective observational study. A total of 1,595 patients underwent PCI from a period of January 2019 to December 2019, in which 1,293 were males and 302 were females. Demographic characteristics, clinical and procedural details, and their in-hospital outcomes were all collected and analyzed. Results Females presenting with symptoms were older than males (58 vs. 60.8 years, p < 0.001) and had higher body mass index (26.2 ± 6.7 vs. 27.2 ± 4, p < 0.001). Risk factors like diabetes mellitus (57.8 vs. 69.5%, p < 0.001) and systemic hypertension (50.2 vs. 65%, p < 0.001) were more common in females. Women were more likely to present with unstable angina (16.2 vs. 22.7%, p-0.009) and the rate of thrombolysis is low in women who presented with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (13.5 vs. 6.3%, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between both groups, but bleeding complications were higher in females (1.3 vs. 4%, p-0.006). Conclusion Women who underwent PCI tend to be older and had higher rates of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Although mortality rates did not differ between groups, bleeding risk is higher in women.