Abstract
Background and AimMicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in a variety of biological processes, including complex metabolic processes, such as energy and lipid metabolism, which have been studied in the context of diabetes and obesity. Some particular microRNAs have recently been demonstrated to abundantly and stably exist in serum and to be potentially disease-specific. The aim of this profiling study was to characterize the expression of miRNA in serum samples of obese, nonobese diabetic and obese diabetic individuals to determine whether miRNA expression was deregulated in these serum samples and to identify whether any observed deregulation was specific to either obesity or diabetes or obesity with diabetes.Patients and MethodsThirteen patients with type 2 diabetes, 20 obese patients, 16 obese patients with type 2 diabetes and 20 healthy controls were selected for this study. MiRNA PCR panels were employed to screen serum levels of 739 miRNAs in pooled samples from these four groups. We compared the levels of circulating miRNAs between serum pools of each group. Individual validation of the twelve microRNAs selected as promising biomarkers was carried out using RT-qPCR.ResultsThree serum microRNAs, miR-138, miR-15b and miR-376a, were found to have potential as predictive biomarkers in obesity. Use of miR-138 or miR-376a provides a powerful predictive tool for distinguishing obese patients from normal healthy controls, diabetic patients, and obese diabetic patients. In addition, the combination of miR-503 and miR-138 can distinguish diabetic from obese diabetic patients.ConclusionThis study is the first to show a panel of serum miRNAs for obesity, and compare them with miRNAs identified in serum for diabetes and obesity with diabetes. Our results support the use of some miRNAs extracted from serum samples as potential predictive tools for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Highlights
Over the past decade, the prevalence of obesity in the world has dramatically increased across all age groups, especially in developed countries [1]
The more different miRNA expression patterns were in obese patients (OB) compared with CTR (Correlation Pearsons coefficient 0.392), OB-DM2 compared with CTR (Correlation Pearsons coefficient 0.5417) and OB compared with DM2 (Correlation Pearsons coefficient 0.696)
The differences in miRNA expression pattern in OB-DM2 compared with DM2 or OB were almost similar (Correlation Pearsons coefficient 0.822 and 0.8818 respectively)
Summary
The prevalence of obesity in the world has dramatically increased across all age groups, especially in developed countries [1]. In serum samples of recently diagnosed DM2 patients compared to DM2-susceptible subjects with normal glucose tolerance, Kong L et al [9] found seven miRNAs (miR-9, miR-29a, miR-30d, miR-34a, miR-124a, miR-146a and miR-375) which were shown to be elevated All these miRNAs have been previously related to insulin regulation [10]. Ortega FJ et al [11] have showed deregulated expression of plasma miRNAs in morbidly obese men They suggest that five miRNas (miR-142-3p, miR-140-5p, miR-15a, miR-520c-3c and miR-423-5p) may be novel biomarkers for risk estimation and classification of morbidly obese patients. Our results support the use of some miRNAs extracted from serum samples as potential predictive tools for obesity and type 2 diabetes
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