Abstract
Despite many epidemiological studies on the effects of dietary antioxidant micronutrients on risk of cervical cancer, the findings remain uncertain and little evidence is available for serum nutrient markers. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between serum carotenoid, retinol and tocopherol concentrations and risk of cervical cancer among Chinese women. We conducted a hospital-based case- control study in which 358 adults (158 incident cases and 200 controls) were recruited from Xinjiang, China. Serum levels of carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and lutein/zeaxanthin), retinol, and tocopherols (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) were assessed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. We found inverse associations between serum carotenoid (α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein/zeaxanthin) and tocopherol (α-tocopherol) concentrations and the risk of cervical cancer after adjusting for potential confounders, but a null association for retinol. The ORs for 1-SD increase were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.56- 0.92; p=0.003) for total carotenoids and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60-0.94; p=0.008) for total tocopherols. These results show that higher serum concentrations of some carotenoids and tocopherols are associated with a lower risk of cervical cancer among Chinese women.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide and is the fourth common cancer in Chinese women
Cases had significant lower concentration of serum (95%confidence intervals (CIs): 0.59-0.95; p=0.015) for lutein/zeaxanthin, total carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein/ 0.71 (95%CI: 0.56-0.92; p=0.003) for total carotenoids, zeaxanthin) and total tocopherols (α-tocopherol) than 0.73 (95%CI: 0.58-0.91; p=0.006) for α-tocopherol, and controls, but no difference was found for retinol (p=0.710). 0.75 (95%CI: 0.60-0.94; p=0.008) for total tocopherols, Table 3 shows the associations between serum respectively
0.002 0.443 0.003 significant for β-carotene (p-interaction=0.002), lycopene (p-interaction=0.007), total carotenoids (p-interaction=0.010), α-tocopherol (p-interaction=0.002), and total tocopherols (p-interaction=0.003). In this hospital-based case-control study, we evaluated whether a higher concentration of antioxidant micronutrients was associated with lower risk of cervical cancer
Summary
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide and is the fourth common cancer in Chinese women. Epidemiological studies has suggested that fruit and vegetable intakes were negatively associated with cervical cancer (Herrero et al, 1991; Ghosh et al, 2008; Gonzalez et al, 2011), an effect that may be owing to the various antioxidant micronutrients (e.g., carotenoids, retinol and tocopherols) rich in these foods (Donaldson, 2004). Two studies have provided evidence of an inverse association of serum α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, or tocopherols with cervical cancer risk (Batieha et al, 1993; Tomita et al, 2010), whereas these findings were not supported by another nested case-control study (Lehtinen et al, 1999). Conclusions: These results show that higher serum concentrations of some carotenoids and tocopherols are associated with a lower risk of cervical cancer among Chinese women
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