Abstract
Salmonellosis remains one of the leading causes of foodborne disease worldwide despite preventive efforts at various stages of the food production chain. The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica represents an additional challenge for public health authorities. Food animals are considered a major reservoir and potential source of foodborne salmonellosis; thus, monitoring of Salmonella strains in livestock may help to detect emergence of new serotypes/MDR phenotypes and to gain a better understanding of Salmonella epidemiology. For this reason, we analyzed trends over a nine-year period in serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance, of Salmonella isolates recovered at the Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (MVDL) from swine (n = 2,537) and cattle (n = 1,028) samples. Prevalence of predominant serotypes changed over time; in swine, S. Typhimurium and S. Derby decreased and S. Agona and S. 4,5,12:i:- increased throughout the study period. In cattle, S. Dublin, S. Montevideo and S. Cerro increased and S. Muenster became less frequent. Median minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and proportion of antibiotic resistant isolates were higher for those recovered from swine compared with cattle, and were particularly high for certain antibiotic-serotype combinations. The proportion of resistant swine isolates was also higher than observed in the NARMS data, probably due to the different cohort of animals represented in each dataset. Results provide insight into the dynamics of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella in livestock in Minnesota, and can help to monitor emerging trends in antimicrobial resistance.
Highlights
Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of foodborne disease in both developing and developed countries [1]
Analysis of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) and National Veterinary Services Laboratory (NVSL) information on Salmonella isolates recovered from food animals reveals that even though certain serotypes are usually associated with certain animal species, shifts in predominant serotypes and changes in the frequency of presentation of antimicrobial resistance to several antibiotics occur over time, highlighting the usefulness of these data for surveillance and monitoring purposes [12,13,14,15]
We described the evolution in the frequency of different Salmonella serotypes among isolates recovered from samples collected from cattle and swine in Minnesota submitted to the Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (MVDL) over a nine year period to i) assess the occurrence of significant changes in their distribution; ii) detect trends in the presentation of resistance phenotypes; and iii) compare results obtained from swine and cattle located in Minnesota to those reported at the national level through the NARMS data
Summary
Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of foodborne disease in both developing and developed countries [1]. Analysis of the NARMS and NVSL information on Salmonella isolates recovered from food animals reveals that even though certain serotypes are usually associated with certain animal species, shifts in predominant serotypes and changes in the frequency of presentation of antimicrobial resistance to several antibiotics occur over time, highlighting the usefulness of these data for surveillance and monitoring purposes [12,13,14,15]. We described the evolution in the frequency of different Salmonella serotypes among isolates recovered from samples collected from cattle and swine in Minnesota submitted to the Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (MVDL) over a nine year period to i) assess the occurrence of significant changes in their distribution; ii) detect trends in the presentation of resistance phenotypes; and iii) compare results obtained from swine and cattle located in Minnesota to those reported at the national level through the NARMS data. Animals, and may provide information on emergent serotypes/phenotypes that could be useful from a public health perspective
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