Abstract
BackgroundQ fever is a main zoonotic disease around the world. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the overall seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii among human and animal population in Iran.MethodsMajor national and international databases were searched from 2005 up to August 2016. We extracted the prevalence of Q fever antibodies (IgG) as the main primary outcome. We reported the prevalence of the seropositivity as point and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of IgG phase I and II antibodies of Q fever in human was 19.80% (95% CI: 16.35–23.25%) and 32.86% (95% CI: 23.80–41.92%), respectively. The herd and individual prevalence of C. burnetii antibody in goat were 93.42% (95% CI: 80.23–100.00) and 31.97% (95% CI: 20.96–42.98%), respectively. The herd and individual prevalence of Q fever antibody in sheep's were 96.07% (95% CI: 89.11–100.00%) and 24.66% (95% CI: 19.81–29.51%), respectively. The herd and individual prevalence of C. burnetii antibody in cattle were 41.37% (95% CI: 17.88–64.86%) and 13.30% (95% CI: 2.98–23.62%), respectively. Individual seropositivity of Q fever in camel and dog were 28.26% (95% CI: 21.47–35.05) and 0.55% (0.03–2.68), respectively.ConclusionSeroprevalence of Q fever among human and domestic animals is considerable. Preventative planning and control of C. burnetii infections in Iran is necessary. Active surveillance and further research studies are recommended, to more clearly define the epidemiology and importance of C. burnetii infections in animals and people in Iran.
Highlights
Q fever is a zoonosis caused by the intracellular, gram negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii
The overall seroprevalence of IgG phase I and II antibodies of Q fever in human was 19.80% and 32.86%, respectively
The herd and individual prevalence of C. burnetii antibody in goat were 93.42% and 31.97%, respectively
Summary
Q fever is a zoonosis caused by the intracellular, gram negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii. The extremely high infectivity, the ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions, and the potential to cause severe disease in man, has deemed this organism to be considered as a biological terrorist agent. It has been listed as a Category B biological warfare agent by the Centre’s of Disease Control and Prevention [2,3]. Q fever is a main zoonotic disease around the world
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