Seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Shelter Dogs in Los Angeles County

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to establish the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in Los Angeles County by testing shelter and client owned dogs with 2-tier ELISA testing. A secondary goal was to create a pilot study for evaluation of all Borrelia positive dogs for dermatologic signs of infection. This is the first study to look at the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in Los Angeles County. We hypothesized that the prevalence is higher than previously predicted (0.5%-1%). 422 shelter and client owned dogs were tested for Borrelia burgdorferi with an ELISA cageside test. Seropositive animals were to have additional blood sent to a reference laboratory for further ELISA testing and examined for dermatologic manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi. No dogs tested positive for Borrelia burgdorferi in this study population, however 3 dogs tested positive for Ehrlichia and 1 for Anaplasma, 2 other tick-borne pathogens uncommon in southern California. This is the first study in Los Angeles County to employ active surveillance regarding an important zoonotic disease. The findings prove that results from these types of studies may differ from those of predictions and passive surveillance. Dogs are sentinels for disease in people and focus should be placed on monitoring antibody levels in canine patients. This study carried out in an endemic area may prove more valuable in assessing cutaneous manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi and provide a foundation for future hypothesis driven studies.