Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V)

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the presence of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V) by using direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Real-Time- quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction RT-qPCR technique and evaluation some clinical and epidemiological features of the disease. One hundred forty-seven (147) animals of different age (6 months to 8 years) and sex from different regions of Al-Diwaniya governorate that showed respiratory signs were examined between November 2012 and April 2013. Results of the clinical study showed that there was an increase in body temperature up to 40 C0, serous watery nasal discharge, increased respiratory rate, abnormal breath sound (loud, harsh sound, whistling or wheezing), and coughing. The infection rate by using direct ELISA test was (30.26 %). The spreading rate of BPIV-3 in relation to ages, regions and months of the years was (48%) in the age group 6 months-3 years, highest rate (60%) in December as compared with other months and Sedeer region recorded infection rate (40%). The results of Real Time-qPCR showed a high infection rate of BPI-3 virus 55.13% in cattle population as high sensitivity of this technique. Higher percentage recorded in tracheal tissue sample 60.60 % as compared with lungs tissue and nasal swabs in the percentage of 54.54% and 50%, respectively. In conclusion, there was a characteristic epidemiological feature of spreading of BPIV-3 in depending on age groups, different regions, and different months of the year.