Abstract
Wuhan City (WH) in China was the first place to report COVID-19 in the world and the outbreak of COVID-19 was controlled in March of 2020 in WH. It is unclear what percentage of people were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and what percentage of population is carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in WH. We retrospectively analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibody positive rates in 63,107 healthy individuals from WH and other places of China using commercial colloidal gold detection kits from March 6 to May 3, 2020. Statistical approaches were utilized to explore the difference and correlation for the seropositive rate of IgG and IgM antibody on the basis of sex, age group, geographic region and detection date. The total IgG and IgM antibody positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 1.68% (186/11,086) in WH, 0.59% (226/38,171) in Hubei Province without Wuhan (HB), and 0.38% (53/13,850) in the nation except for Hubei Province (CN), respectively. The IgM positive rate was 0.46% (51/11,086) in WH, 0.13% (51/38,171) in HB, and 0.07% (10/13,850) in CN. The incidence of IgM positive rates in healthy individuals increased from March 6 to May 3, 2020 in WH. Female and older age had a higher probability of becoming infected than males (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.08–1.65) or younger age (OR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.06–4.78). The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was relatively low in WH and other places of China, but it is significantly high in WH than other places of China; a large amount of asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 existed after elimination of clinical cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan City. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 may exist in a population without clinical cases for a long period.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in December of 2019 in Wuhan City, the capital of Hubei Province in China and has become a worldwide pandemic [1, 2]
Our study has investigated 63,107 healthy individuals from Wuhan City and other places in China to analyze the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, which was correlated with geographic region, age, sex and the detection time
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 but the seroprevalence is significantly higher in Wuhan City than other cities and other places in China
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in December of 2019 in Wuhan City, the capital of Hubei Province in China and has become a worldwide pandemic [1, 2]. As of August 4, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has caused more than 18.1 million confirmed cases, and more than 691,000 deaths worldwide [3]. SARS-CoV-2, a novel human-infecting coronavirus, is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) virus that together with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) belongs to the Betacoronavirus genus [4]. SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets the human respiratory system [5, 6]. The disease spectrum caused by SARS-CoV-2 ranged from asymptomatic to death. The common symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, shortness of breath, sore throat and other respiratory tract symptoms, with some patients rapidly developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute respiratory failure and other serious complications such as sepsis [7,8,9,10]
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